语法 | 定语从句两步走

定语从句两步走

定语从句-真题再现

...I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _____ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings...
(2015 全国卷1, 语法填空,64)

...But my connection with pandas goes to my days on Tv show in the mid-1980s, _____ I was the first western TV reporter ...
(2016 全国卷1, 语法填空,65)

...Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ______ is not good for the health...
(2017 全国卷1, 语法填空,70)

思考

  • 判定什么从句
  • 判定依据

定语从句

作用:顾名思义,限定(相当于adj)修饰名词/代词

位置:放在名词或者代词后

形式:先行词(名词/代词)+关系词+陈述句(关系词+陈述句=定语从句)

例:The government plans to offer some books to the villagers who have received little education.

Village为先行词(先走一步,置前)

Who关系词(连接主句和从句)

who have received little education.(定语从句,限定修饰villages

考点:关系词的选择

关系词

关系词的分类

关系代词
代词,顾名思义代指人/物,先行词为表示人/物的名词/代词

关系副词
副词,补充细节,先行词为表示时间/地点/原因的名词/代词

先行词

先行词 关系词
事/物 ​which/that
who/that/whom
某人/物的 whose
时间 when
地点 where
原因 why

关系词的选择(两步走)

  • 向后看:看从句是否完整

    从句不完整 (缺主/宾/表),选择关系代词
    从句完整(啥都不缺,最富有),选择关系副词

  • 向前看:看先行词指代

定语从句分类

  • 限定性定语从句(无逗号隔开)
  • 非限定性定语从句(有逗号隔开)

难点突破

  • 定语从句识别
  • 关系词的选择(两步走)

真题演练

步骤

从句识别

  • 一个句子中,谓语动词个数大于1,且无并列连词
  • 修饰词为名词或代词

选择关系词(两步走)

实战演练1

...But my connection with pandas goes to my days on TV show in the mid-1980s, _____ I was the first western TV reporter ...(2016 全国卷1, 语法填空,65)

识别从句

  • 两个谓语动词(goes & was)且无并列连词
  • 修饰词为名词(the mid-1980s)
  • 结论:定语从句

选择关系词(两步走)

  • 向后看:从句完整,(主系表 I was the first...),锁定关系副词
  • 向前看:先行词为时间,选择when

实战演练 2

I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _____ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.(2015 全国卷1, 语法填空,64)

识别从句

  • 句子中;两个谓语动词(had skipped & are)且无并列连词
  • 修饰词为名词(the Li River)

选择关系词(两步走)

  • 向后看:从句不完整,缺主语,选择关系代词
  • 向前看:先行词为物,选择that/which

小试牛刀-自测

...Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ______ is not good for the health... (2017 全国卷1, 语法填空,70)

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