海明威《老人与海》第三章 老人的梦 (下) | 世界名著精读

"He used to come to the Terrace sometimes too in the older days. But he was rough and harsh-spoken and difficult when he was drinking. His mind was on horses as well as baseball.

"在过去的日子里,他有时候也常到露台饭店来。可是他一喝了酒,就态度粗暴,出口伤人,性子别扭。他脑子里想着棒球,也想着赛马。

He 主,used to 时状,come to 谓, the Terrace 宾,sometimes 状,in the older days 时状。

He 主,was 系,rough and harsh-spoken and difficult 表,+ when 时间状语从句:he 主,was drinking 谓。

His 定,mind 主,was 系,on horses 表,as well as 并列连词, baseball 和horses 一起做on的宾语。

  as well as是并列连词,相当于and,

意思是“和;也;又;除……外还”;

as well as跟not only... but also同义,

但as well as侧重于前项(即as well as前面的一个词),

not only... but also则侧重于后项(即but also后面的词)。

Labor is not only a necessity but also a pleasure.

劳动不仅是人生所必要的,而且还是一种乐趣。(侧重乐趣)

At least he carried lists of horses at all times in his pocket and frequently spoke the names of horses on the telephone."

至少他老是口袋里揣着赛马的名单,常常在电话里提到一些马儿的名字。"

At least 状,he 主,carried 谓1,lists 宾, of horses 定,at all times 时状,in his pocket 地状,frequently 状;

spoke 谓2,the names 宾,of horses 定,on the telephone 地状。


"If Durocher had continued to come here each year your father would think him the greatest manager.

"要是多罗彻继续每年来这儿,你爸爸就会认为他是顶伟大的经理了。"

If … each year 条件状从, Durocher 主,had continued 谓,to come here 宾,earch year 时状。

Your 定,father 主,would think 谓,him 宾,the greatest manager 同位语。


I hope no fish will come along so great that he will prove us wrong."

我希望不要来一条挺大的鱼,叫我对付不了,那样就说明我们讲错啦。"

I 主,hope 谓,

+ 宾从:no fish 主, will come 谓,along 状,so great 状,

+ that 结果状从:he 主,will prove 谓,us 宾,wrong 宾补。


"You ought to go to bed now so that you will be fresh in the morning. I will take the things back to the Terrace."

"你该就去睡觉,这样明儿早上才精神饱满。我要把这些东西送回露台饭店。"

You 主,ought to 情态动词,go 谓,to bed 地状,

+ so that 结果状从,you 主,will be fresh 谓,in the morning 时状。

I 主,will take 谓,the things 宾,back 状,to the Terrace 地状。


They had eaten with no light on the table and the old man took off his trousers and went to bed in the dark.

他们刚才吃饭的时候,桌子上没点灯,老人就脱了长裤,摸黑上了床。

They 主,had eaten 谓,with no light on the table 方式状语,on the table 定语修饰light。

The old 定,man 主,took 谓1,off his trousers 宾,went 谓2,to bed 地状,in the dark 方状。


He rolled himself in the blanket and slept on the other old newspapers that covered the springs of the bed.

他用毯子裹住了身子,在弹簧垫上铺着的其他旧报纸上睡下了。

He 主,rolled 谓1,himself 宾,in the blanket 地状,slept 谓2,on the other old news papers 地状,

+that 定从修饰 newspaper:that 主,covered 谓,the sprint 宾,of the bed 定。


He was asleep in a short time and he dreamed of Africa when he was a boy and the long golden beaches and the white beaches, so white they hurt your eyes, and the high capes and the great brown mountains.

他不多久就睡熟了,梦见小时候见到的非洲,长长的金色海滩和白色海滩,白得耀眼,还有高耸的海岬和褐色的大山。

He 主,was 系,asleep 表,in a short time 时状;

He 主,dreamed 谓,of Africa 宾1

+when时状从:he 主,was 系,a boy 表

The long golden and…. brown mountains 并列宾语;so white… 插入语修饰 the white beaches,so white 状,(省略that) 结果状从:they 主,hurt 谓,your 定,eyes 宾。

Tip: so...that在引导结果状语从句时,既可以省略so也可以省略that


He lived along that coast now every night and in his dreams he heard the surf roar and saw the native boats come riding through it.

他如今每天夜里都回到那道海岸边,在梦中听见拍岸海浪的隆隆声,看见土人驾船穿浪而行。

He 主,lived 谓,along that coast 地状,now every night 时状;

In his dreams 地状,he 主,heard 谓1,the surf roar 宾,saw 谓2,

+ 宾从:the native 定,boats 主,come 谓,riding 宾,through it 方状。

He smelled the tar and oakum of the deck as he slept and he smelled the smell of Africa that the land breeze brought at morning.

他睡着时闻到甲板上柏油和填絮的气味,还闻到早晨陆地上刮来的风带来的非洲气息。

He 主,smelled 谓,the tar and oakum 宾,of the deck 定,+ 时状从:as he slept.

He 主,smelled 谓,the smell 宾,of Africa 定,

定从:the land breeze 主,brought 谓,at morning 时状。

Usually when he smelled the land breeze he woke up and dressed to go and wake the boy.

通常一闻到陆地上刮来的风,他就醒来,穿上衣裳去叫醒那孩子。

Usually 状,+ when 时间状从:he 主,smelled 谓,the land breeze 宾;

He 主,woke up 谓1,dressed 谓2,to go and wake the boy 宾。

你知道两处wake有何不同吗?

vi. 醒来;唤醒;警觉

vt. 叫醒;激发

Wake up,wake 是不及物动词;

Wake the boy, wake 是及物动词


But tonight the smell of the land breeze came very early and he knew it was too early in his dream and went on dreaming to see the white peaks of the Islands rising from the sea and then he dreamed of the different harbours and roadsteads of the Canary Islands.

然而今夜陆地上刮来的风的气息来得很早,他在梦中知道时间尚早,就继续把梦做下去,看见群岛的白色顶峰从海面上升起,随后梦见了加那利群岛的各个港湾和锚泊地。

Tonight 时状,the smell 主,of the land breeze 定,came 谓,very early 状;

He 主,knew 谓1,+宾从:it 主,was 系,too early 表,in his dream 地状;

went on 谓2,dreaming 宾,to see … the sea 结果状语:to see 非谓,the white 定,peak 宾,of the Islands 定,rising from the sea 宾补;

He 主,dreamed 谓,of 介,different 定,harbours and roadsteads 宾,of the Canary Islands 定。


He no longer dreamed of storms, nor of women, nor of great occurrences, nor of great fish, nor fights, nor contests of strength, nor of his wife.

他不再梦见风暴,不再梦见妇女们,不再梦见伟大的事件,不再梦见大鱼,不再梦见打架,不再梦见角力,不再梦见他的妻子。

He 主,no longer 状,dreamed 谓,of storms 宾1,nor 状,(省略 dreamed), of women…,后面的结构类似。

!!一个优美的排比句!!


He simply woke, looked out the open door at the moon and unrolled his trousers and put them on.

他就这么醒过来,望望敞开的门外边的月亮,摊开长裤穿上。

He 主,simply 状,woke 谓1,looked 谓2,out the open door 地状,at the moom 宾;unrolled 谓3,his 定,trousers 宾,put 谓4,them 宾,on 宾补。


The door of the house where the boy lived was unlocked and he opened it and walked in quietly with his bare feet.

孩子住的那所房子的门没有上锁,他推开了门,光着脚悄悄走进去。

The door 主,of the house 定,+ where 定从:where 地状, the boy 主,lived 谓;was 系,unlocked 表;

He 主,opened 谓1,it 宾,walked 谓2,in 地状,quietly 方状,with his bare  feet 方状。

The boy was asleep on a cot in the first room and the old man could see him clearly with the light that came in from the dying moon.

孩子在外间的一张帆布床上熟睡着,老人靠着外面射进来的残月的光线,清楚地看见他。

The boy 主,was 系,asleep 表,on a cot 地状,in the first room 地状;

The old 定,man 主,could see 谓,him 宾,clearly 状,with the light… moon 方状:with 介,the light 宾,+ that … 定从:that 主,came 谓,in 地状,from the dying moon 定。


He took hold of one foot gently and held it until the boy woke and turned and looked at him.

他轻轻握住孩子的一只脚,直到孩子给弄醒了,转过脸来对他望着。

He 主,took 谓1,hold 宾,of one foot 定,gently 状,held 谓2,it 宾;

Until 时间状语从句:the boy 主,woke1 谓,turned 谓2,looked 谓3,at him 宾。


The old man nodded and the boy took his trousers from the chair by the bed and, sitting on the bed, pulled them on.

老人点点头,孩子从床边椅子上拿起他的长裤,坐在床沿上穿裤子。

The old 定,man 主,nodded 谓;

The boy 主,took 谓1,his trousers 宾,from the chair 定/状,by the bed 地状,sitting on the bed 方状,pulled 谓2,them 宾,on 宾补。

They walked down the road to the old man's shack and all along the road, in the dark, barefoot men were moving, carrying the masts of their boats.

他们顺着大路朝老人的窝棚走去,一路上,黑暗中有些光着脚的男人在走动,扛着他们船上的桅杆。

They 主,walked 谓,down the road 地状,to the old man's shack 宾,all along the road 时状,in the dark 地状;

Barefoot 定,men 主,were moving 谓,carrying…伴随状语:carrying 非谓,the masts 宾,of their boats 定。

When they reached the old man's shack the boy took the rolls of line in the basket and the harpoon and gaff and the old man carried the mast with the furled sail on his shoulder.

他们走进老人的窝棚,孩子拿起装在篮子里的钓索卷儿,还有鱼叉和鱼钩,老人把绕着帆的桅杆扛在肩上。

When 时状从:they 主,reached 谓,the old man's 定,shack 宾;

The boy 主,took 谓,the rolls 宾1,of line 定,in the basket 地状,the harpoon and gaff 宾2&3;

The old man 主,carried 谓,the mast 宾,with the furled sail 定,on his shoulder 地状。


They had coffee from condensed milk cans at an early morning place that served fishermen.

他们在一家供应渔夫的清早就营业的小吃馆里,喝着盛在炼乳听里的咖啡。

They 主,had 谓,coffee 宾,from condensed milk cans 定,at an early …. 地状:at 介,an early morning 定,place 宾,that served fishermen 定从。

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