https://kotlinlang.org/docs/delegated-properties.html
Kotlin官网提到，by后面的代理对象必须提供getValue()函数，用来获取相应的代理值。
我们经常用的by lazy，其实lazy就是一个函数，返回了一个SynchronizedLazyImpl对象，该对象(类)实现了getValue()方法:
/**
* Creates a new instance of the [Lazy] that uses the specified initialization function [initializer]
* and the default thread-safety mode [LazyThreadSafetyMode.SYNCHRONIZED].
*
* If the initialization of a value throws an exception, it will attempt to reinitialize the value at next access.
*
* Note that the returned instance uses itself to synchronize on. Do not synchronize from external code on
* the returned instance as it may cause accidental deadlock. Also this behavior can be changed in the future.
*/
public actual fun <T> lazy(initializer: () -> T): Lazy<T> = SynchronizedLazyImpl(initializer)
private class SynchronizedLazyImpl<out T>(initializer: () -> T, lock: Any? = null) : Lazy<T>, Serializable {
private var initializer: (() -> T)? = initializer
@Volatile private var _value: Any? = UNINITIALIZED_VALUE
// final field is required to enable safe publication of constructed instance
private val lock = lock ?: this
override val value: T
get() {
val _v1 = _value
if (_v1 !== UNINITIALIZED_VALUE) {
@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
return _v1 as T
}
return synchronized(lock) {
val _v2 = _value
if (_v2 !== UNINITIALIZED_VALUE) {
@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST") (_v2 as T)
} else {
val typedValue = initializer!!()
_value = typedValue
initializer = null
typedValue
}
}
}
override fun isInitialized(): Boolean = _value !== UNINITIALIZED_VALUE
override fun toString(): String = if (isInitialized()) value.toString() else "Lazy value not initialized yet."
private fun writeReplace(): Any = InitializedLazyImpl(value)
}
其中Lazy()是一个接口:
/**
* Represents a value with lazy initialization.
*
* To create an instance of [Lazy] use the [lazy] function.
*/
public interface Lazy<out T> {
/**
* Gets the lazily initialized value of the current Lazy instance.
* Once the value was initialized it must not change during the rest of lifetime of this Lazy instance.
*/
public val value: T
/**
* Returns `true` if a value for this Lazy instance has been already initialized, and `false` otherwise.
* Once this function has returned `true` it stays `true` for the rest of lifetime of this Lazy instance.
*/
public fun isInitialized(): Boolean
}
https://github.com/JetBrains/kotlin/blob/master/libraries/stdlib/src/kotlin/util/Lazy.kt
