iOS——HealthKit（苹果健康）的增删改查

1. plist配置权限

NSHealthShareUsageDescription：读取用户健康数据
NSHealthUpdateUsageDescription：更改用户健康数据

2. 设备支持与授权

HealthKit是iOS8加入的API
HealthKit在iPad上不可用
通过HKHealthStore类方法 + (BOOL)isHealthDataAvailable;判断设备是否支持HealthKit

    BOOL isSupport = [HKHealthStore isHealthDataAvailable];
    if (isSupport)  {
        HKQuantityType *weightType = [HKQuantityType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass];
        HKQuantityType *BodyFat = [HKQuantityType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyFatPercentage];
        /// 体重和体脂率
        NSSet *set = [NSSet setWithObjects:weightType, BodyFat,nil];
        
        HKHealthStore *healthStore = [[HKHealthStore alloc]init];
        /// ShareTypes写入权限申请    readTypes读取权限申请
        [healthStore requestAuthorizationToShareTypes:set readTypes:set completion:^(BOOL success, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        
        }];
    }

3. 健康数据的写入与读取

以体重为例，将体重写入至健康，

健康类型对象构建——HKQuantitySample quantitySampleWithType::::

quantityType：数据类型（体重）
quantity：值类型（kg）
startDate：起始时间（NSDate）
endDate：结束时间（NSDate），对于非持续性的数据类型用同一个就行。

写入方法——HKQuantitySample saveObject:

saveObject：健康类型的数据对象

    HKHealthStore * healthStore = [[HKHealthStore alloc] init];
    HKQuantityType *weightType = [HKQuantityType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass];
    HKQuantity *weightQuantity = [HKQuantity quantityWithUnit:[HKUnit unitFromString:@"kg"] doubleValue:69.3];
    
    theDate = [NSDate date];
    HKQuantitySample *weightSample = [HKQuantitySample quantitySampleWithType:weightType quantity:weightQuantity startDate:theDate endDate:theDate];
        
    [healthStore saveObject:weightSample withCompletion:^(BOOL success, NSError *error) {
            if (!success) {
                NSLog(@"An error occured saving the weight sample %@. In your app, try to handle this gracefully. The error was: %@.", weightSample, error);
                return ;
            }
    }];

数据读取有多种方式，我主要说下HKSampleQuery（样本查询）和HKStatisticsCollectionQuery（统计集合查询）

HKSampleQuery 这是使用最多的查询。使用样本查询来读取任何类型的样本数据。当你想要对结果进行排序或者限制返回的样本总数时，样本查询就特别有用。更多信息，参见 HKSampleQuery Class Reference

样本查询——HKSampleQuery initWithSampleType

SampleType：查询值类型（体重）
predicate：查询条件（起始-结束时间）
limit：最大结果数（HKObjectQueryNoLimit-不作限制）
sortDescriptors：结果排序（时间正序）
resultsHandler：回调，一般需求遍历results就行

- (void)testHKSampleQuery {
    
    HKHealthStore *healthStore = [[HKHealthStore alloc]init];
    
    HKQuantityType *sampleType = [HKQuantityType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass];
    
    NSDate *now = [NSDate date];
    NSDate *endDate = [now dateTools_dateByAddingDays:1];
    NSDate *startDate = [endDate dateTools_dateByAddingDays:-100];
    NSPredicate *pre = [HKQuery predicateForSamplesWithStartDate:startDate endDate:endDate options:HKQueryOptionStrictStartDate];
    
    /// 测试了下key用HKSampleSortIdentifierEndDate  和上述pre的options不一致 也有正常结果
    NSSortDescriptor *start = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:HKSampleSortIdentifierStartDate ascending:YES];
    
    HKSampleQuery *sampleQuery = [[HKSampleQuery alloc] initWithSampleType:sampleType predicate:pre limit:HKObjectQueryNoLimit sortDescriptors:@[start] resultsHandler:^(HKSampleQuery * _Nonnull query, NSArray<__kindof HKSample *> * _Nullable results, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        
        for (HKQuantitySample *result in results) {
            
            double weight = [result.quantity doubleValueForUnit:[HKUnit unitFromString:@"kg"]];
            
            NSString *value = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.2f",weight];
                        
            NSString *createTime = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld", (long)[result.startDate timestamp]];
            
            NSLog(@"====value:%@====createTime:%@====", value, createTime);
        }
    }];
    
    /// 执行查询
    [healthStore executeQuery:sampleQuery];
}

HKStatisticsCollectionQuery，使用这种查询来在一系列长度固定的时间间隔中执行多次统计查询。通常使用这种查询来生成图表。查询提供了一些简单的方法来计算某些值，例如，每天消耗的总热量或者每5分钟行走的步数。统计集合查询是长时间运行的。查询可以返回当前的统计集合，也可以监测HealthKit存储，并对更新做出响应。更多信息，参见 HKStatisticsCollectionQuery Class Reference 。

统计集合查询——HKStatisticsCollectionQuery initWithQuantityType

quantityType：查询值类型（体重）
quantitySamplePredicate：查询条件（起始-结束时间）
options：用于定义执行的统计计算的类型以及合并来自多个源的数据的方式
- HKStatisticsOptionSeparateBySource 数据来源统计
- HKStatisticsOptionDiscreteAverage 平均值统计
- HKStatisticsOptionDiscreteMin 最小值统计
- HKStatisticsOptionDiscreteMax 最大值统计
- HKStatisticsOptionCumulativeSum 和统计
- HKStatisticsOptionMostRecent 最近的值
anchorDate：统计数据时间间隔的定位时间（星期一上午12:00）
intervalComponents：统计数据的时间间隔（3天）

- (void)tesHKStatisticsCollectionQuery {

    HKHealthStore *healthStore = [[HKHealthStore alloc]init];
    // 数据类型
    HKQuantityType *type = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass];
    
    // 获取数据的截止时间 今天
    NSDate *endDate = [NSDate date];
    // 获取数据的起始时间 此处取从今日往前一年的数据
    NSDate *startDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:-365*24*60*60];
    // 查询条件，用于获取设置时间段内的数据
    NSPredicate *predicate = [HKQuery predicateForSamplesWithStartDate:startDate endDate:endDate options:HKQueryOptionStrictStartDate];

    // 设置时间支持单位
    NSCalendar *calendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian];
    NSDateComponents *anchorComponents = [calendar components:NSCalendarUnitDay | NSCalendarUnitMonth | NSCalendarUnitYear | NSCalendarUnitWeekday fromDate:[NSDate date]];
    NSInteger offset = (7 + anchorComponents.weekday - 2) % 7;
    /// 日期设置为星期一上午12:00  也就是第一个统计数据的开始时间为星期一12点
    anchorComponents.day -= offset;
    anchorComponents.hour = 12;
    NSDate *anchorDate = [calendar dateFromComponents:anchorComponents];
    
    // 统计数据的时间间隔（一定要比0大），例如设为3，则返回的统计数据跨度为3天，例如2020-07-10 —— 2020-07-13
    NSDateComponents *intervalComponents = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
    intervalComponents.day = 3;

    HKStatisticsCollectionQuery *query = [[HKStatisticsCollectionQuery alloc] initWithQuantityType:type quantitySamplePredicate:predicate options:HKStatisticsOptionSeparateBySource | HKStatisticsOptionDiscreteAverage anchorDate:anchorDate intervalComponents:intervalComponents];
    
    query.initialResultsHandler = ^(HKStatisticsCollectionQuery *query, HKStatisticsCollection *result, NSError *error) {
        
        NSLog(@"%@",[result statistics]);
        for (HKStatistics *sample in [result statistics]) {
            
            double weight = [sample.averageQuantity doubleValueForUnit:[HKUnit unitFromString:@"kg"]];
            
            NSString *value = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.2f",weight];
                                    
            NSLog(@"====averageValue:%@====startDate:%@======", value, sample.startDate);
        }
    };
    [healthStore executeQuery:query];
}

4. 健康数据的修改

健康的数据只有添加和删除，所谓修改就是删除一条再添加一条。
我这里的思路，删除的依据是时间，对体重数据的修改只能修改数值，不能修改时间，所以查出同时间的数据，删除旧的，再添加新的。

deleteObject的对象和saveObject虽然类型一致，但是倘若按照saveObject的方法去构建，是不能成功删除的，所以经测试后只能先查询，再删除。

- (void)testUpdate {
    
    HKHealthStore * healthStore = [[HKHealthStore alloc] init];
    HKQuantityType *weightType = [HKQuantityType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass];
    
    /// 已添加体重的时间
    NSDate *theDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:1594608650];
    /// 修改后的数值
    double weight  = 75;
    HKQuantity *weightQuantity = [HKQuantity quantityWithUnit:[HKUnit unitFromString:@"kg"] doubleValue:weight];
    
    HKQuantitySample *weightSample = [HKQuantitySample quantitySampleWithType:weightType quantity:weightQuantity startDate:theDate endDate:theDate];
    
    ///查询条件 指定时间~指定时间+1S  查询条数为1
    NSPredicate *pre = [HKQuery predicateForSamplesWithStartDate:theDate endDate:[theDate dateTools_dateByAddingSeconds:1] options:HKQueryOptionStrictStartDate];
    NSSortDescriptor *start = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:HKSampleSortIdentifierStartDate ascending:YES];
    
    HKSampleQuery *sampleQuery = [[HKSampleQuery alloc] initWithSampleType:weightType predicate:pre limit:1 sortDescriptors:@[start] resultsHandler:^(HKSampleQuery * _Nonnull query, NSArray<__kindof HKSample *> * _Nullable results, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        //打印查询结果
        NSLog(@"%@",results);
        if (results.count > 0) {
            HKQuantitySample *result = results.firstObject;
            [healthStore deleteObject:result withCompletion:^(BOOL success, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                if (!success) {
                    NSLog(@"An error occured delete the weight sample %@. In your app, try to handle this gracefully. The error was: %@.", weightSample, error);
                }
                [healthStore saveObject:weightSample withCompletion:^(BOOL success, NSError *error) {
                    if (!success) {
                        NSLog(@"An error occured saving the weight sample %@. In your app, try to handle this gracefully. The error was: %@.", weightSample, error);
                    }
                }];
            }];
        } else {
            [healthStore saveObject:weightSample withCompletion:^(BOOL success, NSError *error) {
                if (!success) {
                    NSLog(@"An error occured saving the weight sample %@. In your app, try to handle this gracefully. The error was: %@.", weightSample, error);
                }
            }];
        }
    }];
    [healthStore executeQuery:sampleQuery];
}