1、pom.xml引入架包
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<!--表示开发的时候引入，发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
<version>1.9.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
2、spring中使用junit单元测试
测试service层，该方法实现通过项目id去获取项目表的信息，数据库为mysql，Dao层通过mybatis与数据库进行连接。
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 用于配置spring中测试的环境
@ContextConfiguration(Locations="../*.xml") 用于指定配置文件所在的位置
@Test标注在方法前，表示其是一个测试的方法
Assert 断言，判断实际值与实际值是否一致
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:config/spring.xml", "classpath:config/spring-mybatis.xml" })
public class TestProjectService {
@Autowired(required = true)
private ProjectNameService projectNameService;
@Test
public void testQueryById1() {
ProjectName projectName = projectNameService.getProjectNameById(1);
System.out.print(projectName.getProjectname());
Assert.assertEquals("baseinfo",projectName.getProjectname());
}
}
3、mock
什么是mock
单元测试：设置测试数据，设定预期结果，验证结果。mock就是创建某类型的虚拟对象，进行模拟操作。
Paste_Image.png
//Person 类
package mockitodemo;
public class Person
{
private final Integer personID;
private final String personName;
public Person( Integer personID, String personName )
{
this.personID = personID;
this.personName = personName;
}
public Integer getPersonID()
{
return personID;
}
public String getPersonName()
{
return personName;
}
}
//PersonDao 类
public interface PersonDao
{
public Person fetchPerson( Integer personID );
public void update( Person person );
}
//PersonService 类
public class PersonService
{
private final PersonDao personDao;
public PersonService( PersonDao personDao )
{
this.personDao = personDao;
}
public boolean update( Integer personId, String name )
{
Person person = personDao.fetchPerson( personId );
if( person != null )
{
Person updatedPerson = new Person( person.getPersonID(), name );
personDao.update( updatedPerson );
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
}
package mockitodemo;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
/**
* PersonService的单元测试用例
*
* @author jackzhou
*/
public class PersonServiceTest {
@Mock
private PersonDao personDAO; // 模拟对象
private PersonService personService; // 被测类
public PersonServiceTest() {
}
@BeforeClass
public static void setUpClass() {
}
@AfterClass
public static void tearDownClass() {
}
// 在@Test标注的测试方法之前运行
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
// 初始化测试用例类中由Mockito的注解标注的所有模拟对象
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
// 用模拟对象创建被测类对象
personService = new PersonService(personDAO);
}
//@Ater是在每个测试方法运行完毕后均执行一次
@After
public void tearDown() {
}
@Test
public void shouldUpdatePersonName() {
Person person = new Person(1, "Phillip");
// 设置模拟对象的返回预期值
when(personDAO.fetchPerson(1)).thenReturn(person);
// 执行测试
boolean updated = personService.update(1, "David");
// 验证更新是否成功
assertTrue(updated);
// 验证模拟对象的fetchPerson(1)方法是否被调用了一次
verify(personDAO).fetchPerson(1);
// 得到一个抓取器
ArgumentCaptor<Person> personCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Person.class);
// 验证模拟对象的update()是否被调用一次，并抓取调用时传入的参数值
verify(personDAO).update(personCaptor.capture());
// 获取抓取到的参数值
Person updatePerson = personCaptor.getValue();
// 验证调用时的参数值
assertEquals("David", updatePerson.getPersonName());
// asserts that during the test, there are no other calls to the mock object.
// 检查模拟对象上是否还有未验证的交互
verifyNoMoreInteractions(personDAO);
}
@Test
public void shouldNotUpdateIfPersonNotFound() {
// 设置模拟对象的返回预期值
when(personDAO.fetchPerson(1)).thenReturn(null);
// 执行测试
boolean updated = personService.update(1, "David");
// 验证更新是否失败
assertFalse(updated);
// 验证模拟对象的fetchPerson(1)方法是否被调用了一次
verify(personDAO).fetchPerson(1);
// 验证模拟对象是否没有发生任何交互
verifyZeroInteractions(personDAO);
// 检查模拟对象上是否还有未验证的交互
verifyNoMoreInteractions(personDAO);
}
/**
* Test of update method, of class PersonService.
*/
@Test
public void testUpdate() {
System.out.println("update");
Integer personId = null;
String name = "Phillip";
PersonService instance = new PersonService(new PersonDao() {
@Override
public Person fetchPerson(Integer personID) {
System.out.println("Not supported yet.");
return null;
}
@Override
public void update(Person person) {
System.out.println("Not supported yet.");
}
});
boolean expResult = false;
boolean result = instance.update(personId, name);
assertEquals(expResult, result);
// TODO review the generated test code and remove the default call to fail.
fail("The test case is a prototype.");
}
}
refer:
http://blog.csdn.net/zhanganbo/article/details/52288080
