MVC Controller中使用单元测试可以使开发过程简化不少，调试也更为方便。
由于版本问题，可能导致官方文档中的示例代码并不能运行，所以在此写一份工作中使用到的单元测试代码，以备不时之需。

//去掉了大量的import语句
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.*;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-mvc.xml")
@TestPropertySource(locations = "classpath:config-test.properties")
public class CashierControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("webApplicationContext")
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void testWxJsTicket() throws Exception {
        MvcResult result = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/api/pay/wxJsTokens?appid=6000")
                .accept(MediaType.parseMediaType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andReturn();
        System.out.println(result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }


    @Test
    public void testUnifiedOrder() throws Exception {
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("version", "v1.0");
        map.put("orderId", new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmssSSS").format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime()));
        map.put("orderAmount", "0.01");
        map.put("orderTime", new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime()));
        map.put("productName", "测试商品");

        UriComponentsBuilder builder = UriComponentsBuilder
                .fromPath("/api/pay/sign");
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
            builder.queryParam(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }

        System.out.println(builder.toUriString());

        MvcResult result = this.mockMvc.perform(get(builder.toUriString())
                .accept(MediaType.parseMediaType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.data.sign").exists())
                .andReturn();

        map.put("sign", JsonPath.read(
                result.getResponse().getContentAsString(),
                "$.data.sign"
        ));

        UriComponentsBuilder orderBuilder = UriComponentsBuilder
                .fromPath("/api/pay/cashierOrder");

        System.out.println(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map));
    }

}

完整示例，可用来继承

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-mvc.xml")
public class ControllerBaseTest {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("webApplicationContext")
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    protected MockMvc mockMvc;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setSystemProperty() {
        Properties properties = System.getProperties();
        properties.setProperty("spring.profiles.active", "test");
    }

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

}