1. 声明一个电脑类
   属性：品牌、颜色、内存大小
   方法：打游戏、写代码、看视频
   a.创建电脑类的对象，然后通过对象点的方式获取、修改、添加和删除它的属性
   b.通过attr相关方法去获取、修改、添加和删除它的属性

class Computer:
    def __init__(self,brand,color,ram):
        self.brand=brand
        self.color=color
        self.ram=ram

    def play_game(self):
        print("play game")

    def write_code(self):
        print("write code")

    def view_video(self):
        print("view video")

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.__dict__)

computer_one=Computer('Acer','black','4G')
#a.对象点的方式获取、修改、添加和删除它的属性
print(computer_one) #{'brand': 'Acer', 'color': 'black', 'ram': '4G'}
computer_one.brand="Lenovo"
computer_one.color="yellow"
computer_one.ram="8G"
print(computer_one) #{'brand': 'Lenovo', 'color': 'yellow', 'ram': '8G'}
computer_one.storage="1T"
print(computer_one) #{'brand': 'Lenovo', 'color': 'yellow', 'ram': '8G', 'storage': '1T'}
del computer_one.color
print(computer_one) #{'brand': 'Lenovo', 'ram': '8G', 'storage': '1T'}
#b.通过attr相关方法去获取、修改、添加和删除它的属性
computer_two=Computer('Acer','black','4G')
a=getattr(computer_two,"brand")
b=getattr(computer_two,"color")
c=getattr(computer_two,"ram")
print(a,b,c) #Acer black 4G
setattr(computer_two,"brand","Lenovo")
setattr(computer_two,"color","blue")
setattr(computer_two,"ram","8G")
print(computer_two) #{'brand': 'Lenovo', 'color': 'blue', 'ram': '8G'}
delattr(computer_two,'brand')
print(computer_two)#{'color': 'blue', 'ram': '8G'}
setattr(computer_two,'strorage','2T')
print(computer_two)#{'color': 'blue', 'ram': '8G', 'strorage': '2T'}

2.声明一个人的类和狗的类:
狗的属性:名字、颜色、年龄
狗的方法:叫唤
人的属性:名字、 年龄、狗
人的方法:遛狗
a.创建人的对象名字叫小明，让他拥有一条狗 ，然后让小明去遛狗

class Dog:

    def __init__(self,name,age,color):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
        self.color=color

    def barking(self):
        print("Dog barking")


class Person:

    def __init__(self,name,age,dog):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
        self.dog=dog

    def walking_the_dog(self,dog):
        print("%s 正在遛一只名字为%s，颜色为%s的狗"% (self.name,dog.name,dog.color))
        dog.barking()


dog1=Dog("沙皮",2,"黄色")
p1=Person("小明",20,dog1)
p1.walking_the_dog(dog1)
'''
小明 正在遛一只名字为沙皮，颜色为黄色的狗
Dog barking
'''

3.声明一个矩形类:
属性: 长、宽
方法:计算周长和面积
a.创建不同的矩形，并且打印其周长和面积

class Rectangle:
    def __init__(self,length,width):
        self.length=length
        self.width=width

    def perimeter(self):
        return (self.length + self.width)*2

    def area(self):
        return self.length*self.width

rec1=Rectangle(20,30)
print(rec1.perimeter(),rec1.area())
rec2=Rectangle(10,20)
print(rec2.perimeter(),rec2.area())

4.创建一个学生类:
属性:姓名，年龄，学号，成绩
方法:答到，展示学生信息
创建一个班级类: 属性:学生，班级名
方法:添加学生，删除学生，点名, 获取班级中所有学生的平均值， 获取班级中成绩最好的学生

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, age, id,score):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.id = id
        self.score=score

    def answer(self):
        print(self.__dict__)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.__dict__)

class Class:
    def __init__(self, name, students:list):
        self.name = name
        self.students = students

    def add_student(self,stu:Student):
        self.students.append(stu)

    def del_student(self,stu:Student):
        self.students.remove(stu)

    def call_student(self,stu:Student):
        stu.answer()


    def average_score(self):
        sum=0
        average=0
        for stu in self.students:
            sum+=stu.score
        average=sum/len(self.students)
        return average

    def best_student(self):
        students.sort(key= lambda item:item.score,reverse=True)
        return students[0].name

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.__dict__)

stu1 = Student("小明", 22, "stu01", 98)
stu2 = Student("小李",24,"stu02",89)
stu3 = Student("小赵",28,"stu03",78)
stu4 = Student("小张",26,"stu04",93)
stu5 = Student("小王",22,"stu05",86)
stu6=Student("小钱",26,"stu05",95)
students=[stu1,stu2,stu3,stu4,stu5]
python_class=Class("python1807",students)
print(python_class)
stu6=Student("小钱",26,"stu05",95)
#添加学生
python_class.add_student(stu6)
print(python_class)
#删除学生
python_class.del_student(stu6)
print(python_class)
#求平均成绩
print(python_class.average_score())
#最优秀的学生
print(python_class.best_student())
#点名
python_class.call_student(stu1)
'''
结果为：
{'name': 'python1807', 'students': [<__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B00>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B38>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B70>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404BA8>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404BE0>]}
{'name': 'python1807', 'students': [<__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B00>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B38>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B70>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404BA8>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404BE0>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404D68>]}
{'name': 'python1807', 'students': [<__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B00>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B38>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404B70>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404BA8>, <__main__.Student object at 0x000002421A404BE0>]}
88.8
小明
{'name': '小明', 'age': 22, 'id': 'stu01', 'score': 98}

'''

方法二：

import  random
class Student:
    
    gen_state=(x % 2 for x in range(1,101) )  #状态生成器
    gen_id=("python"+str(x).rjust(3,"0") for x in range(1,101)) #学号生成器
    
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.id = self.__class__.gen_id.__next__()
        self.score=random.randint(1, 101)
        self.state=self.__class__.gen_state.__next__()
      
    def answer(self):
        if self.state:
            print("%s 到！"% self.name)
        else:
            print("%s 缺席！"% self.name)

    def show_info(self):
        print(self.__dict__)

    def __repr__(self):
        return str(self.__dict__)

class PythonClass:

    def __init__(self, name, students: list):
        self.name = name
        self.students = students

    def add_student(self):
        name=input('姓名：')
        age = input("年龄：")
        stu=Student(name,age)
        self.students.append(stu)
        print("添加成功：",end="")
        stu.show_info()
        return stu

    def del_student(self):
        del_name=input("姓名：")
        lenth=len(self.students.copy())
        for stu in self.students.copy():#若不是副本，元素在减少，删除不完
            if stu.name==del_name:
                self.students.remove(stu)
        if lenth!=len(self.students):
            print("删除成功")

    def call_student(self):
        for stu in self.students:
            stu.answer()

    def average_score(self):
        sum = 0
        average = 0
        for stu in self.students:
            sum += stu.score
        average = sum / len(self.students)
        return average

    def best_student(self):
        self.students.sort(key=lambda item: item.score, reverse=True)
        return self.students[0].name

python=PythonClass("Python1807",[])

stu1=python.add_student()
stu2=python.add_student()
stu3=python.add_student()
stu4=python.add_student()

python.call_student()
print(python.best_student())
"""
结果为：
姓名：xiaoming
年龄：22
添加成功：{'name': 'xiaoming', 'age': '22', 'id': 'Python001', 'score': 66, 'state': 1}
姓名：xiaohuang
年龄：24
添加成功：{'name': 'xiaohuang', 'age': '24', 'id': 'Python002', 'score': 94, 'state': 0}
姓名：xiaozhang
年龄：25
添加成功：{'name': 'xiaozhang', 'age': '25', 'id': 'Python003', 'score': 22, 'state': 1}
姓名：xiaohong
年龄：27
添加成功：{'name': 'xiaohong', 'age': '27', 'id': 'Python004', 'score': 9, 'state': 0}
xiaoming 到！
xiaohuang 缺席！
xiaozhang 到！
xiaohong 缺席！
xiaohuang
"""