python学习

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判断字段值是否包含某个数字,如果是字符，建议用icontains

Entry.objects.filter(Q(id__contains='1') & Q(id__contains='2') & Q(id__contains='3'))

Entry.objects.filter(Q(id__contains=1) & Q(id__contains=2) & Q(id__contains=3))

Entry.objects.filter(reduce(Q(id__contains=x) for x in [1, 2, 3]))

管理员身份运行cmd配置虚拟环境

  1. mkvirtualenv youpinmodel
  2. pip install django==1.9.8
  3. 下载python的mysql驱动，进入到文件目录cd /d C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop
    pip install mysql(tab)
  4. 在虚拟环境youpinmodel中新建项目
  5. pip install pillow

根据项目需求设计app

  • users-用户管理
  • employee-考核对象管理
  • institution-制度管理
  • informationinput-考核信息录入

配置数据库连接

#数据库连接配置
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "youpin1",
        'USER':'root',
        'PASSWORD':'',
        'HOST':'127.0.0.1'
    }
}

新建users app

新建users app

startapp users

model配置

#载入utf8编码
# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
#继承app
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
#新建模型，CharField要定义max_length
class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"昵称", default="")
    birday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u"生日", null=True, blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male",u"男"),("female","女")), default="female")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="image/%Y/%m",default=u"image/default.png", max_length=100)
    user_id = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户信息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username

将UserProfile注册到app中，并重载setting方法

此步前一定要restart一下，否则后面xadmin就要重新生成auth_user，或者注释掉下面一句重新生成下表

AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"

生成user表

makemigrations users
migrate users

新建剩余app

考核对象表

class w_section(models.Model):
    w_sectionid = models.CharField(max_length=2, verbose_name=u"工段ID")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"工段名")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"工段"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

class w_team(models.Model):
    w_teamid = models.CharField(max_length=4, verbose_name=u"车间班组ID",default=0)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"车间班组名")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"车间班组"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name


class w_employee(models.Model):
    w_employeeid = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name=u"员工编号",default=0)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"员工姓名")
    w_sectionid = models.ForeignKey(w_section, verbose_name=u"所属工段")
    w_teamid = models.ForeignKey(w_team, verbose_name=u"所属车间班组")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"员工信息管理"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

制度表

class inscategory(models.Model):
    categoryid = models.CharField(max_length=2, verbose_name=u"制度类别ID")
    category = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"制度类别")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"制度分类"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.category

class institution(models.Model):
    categoryid = models.ForeignKey(inscategory, verbose_name=u"制度类别ID")
    institution = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"制度内容")
    institutionid = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name=u"制度ID")
    score = models.CharField(max_length=2, verbose_name=u"加扣分")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"制度"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.institutionid

考核信息录入，操作上面两张表

class informationinput(models.Model):
    "考核信息录入"
    user=models.ForeignKey(UserProfile,verbose_name=u"考核员")
    category=models.ForeignKey(institution,verbose_name="制度ID和加扣分")
    sketch=models.CharField(max_length=500,verbose_name=u"简述")
    w_employeeid = models.ForeignKey(w_employee, verbose_name=u"考核对象")
    add_time=models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="information/%y/%m", default=u"information/default.png", max_length=100)
    has_agree=models.BooleanField(default=False,verbose_name=u"是否审查通过")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"考核信息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

将所有app放到apps文件夹下

import sys
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

后台管理配置

createsuperuser
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False
#使用本地时间

安装xadmin

pip install xadmin
#注册app
    'xadmin',
    'crispy_forms',
#url注册
import xadmin
    url(r'^xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls),
#同步表
makemigrations
migrate
#移动xadmin到extra_apps中，并mark
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'extra_apps'))
pip uninstall xadmin
makemigrations xadmin
migrate xadmin

设置模板，注册其它app

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
__author__ = 'grl'
__date__ = '$DATE $TIME'
#制度app
import xadmin

from .models import inscategory,institution

class inscategoryAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['categoryid', 'category']
    search_fields = ['categoryid', 'category']
    list_filter = ['categoryid', 'category']

class institutionAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['categoryid', 'institution','institutionid','score']
    search_fields = ['categoryid', 'institution','institutionid','score']
    list_filter = ['categoryid', 'institution','institutionid','score']

xadmin.site.register(inscategory, inscategoryAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(institution, institutionAdmin)
#员工app
import xadmin

from .models import w_section,w_team,w_employee

class w_sectionAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['w_sectionid', 'name']
    search_fields = ['w_sectionid', 'name']
    list_filter = ['w_sectionid', 'name']

class w_teamAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['w_teamid', 'name']
    search_fields = ['w_teamid', 'name']
    list_filter = ['w_teamid', 'name']
    
class w_employeeAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['w_employeeid', 'name','w_sectionid','w_teamid']
    search_fields = ['w_employeeid', 'name','w_sectionid','w_teamid']
    list_filter = ['w_employeeid', 'name','w_sectionid','w_teamid']

xadmin.site.register(w_section, w_sectionAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(w_team, w_teamAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(w_employee, w_employeeAdmin)
#考核信息录入app
import xadmin

from .models import informationinput

class informationinputAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['user', 'category','sketch','w_employeeid','add_time','image','has_agree']
    search_fields = ['user', 'category','sketch','w_employeeid','add_time','image','has_agree']
    list_filter = ['user', 'category','sketch','w_employeeid','add_time','image','has_agree']

xadmin.site.register(informationinput, informationinputAdmin)
#用户adminx中配置全站基础
import xadmin
from xadmin import views

class BaseSetting(object):
    enable_themes = True
    use_bootswatch = True

class GlobalSettings(object):
    site_title = "信息后台管理系统"
    site_footer = ""


xadmin.site.register(views.BaseAdminView, BaseSetting)
xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView, GlobalSettings)
#apps.py中配置中文显示
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    verbose_name = u"制度管理"
#_init_文件中配置
default_app_config = "institution.apps.InstitutionConfig"

问题总结

  1. 获取当前用户姓名：

重载save_models方法 直接在方法中通过self.request.user就可以获取到当前操作xadmin的用户了

  1. 外键过滤
def get_context(self):
   context = superCourseAdmin, self).get_context()
   if 'form' in context:
       context['form'].fields['course_org'].queryset = CourseOrg.objects.filter(is_main_stage=True)
   return context
#在adminx里面重载这个函数，在xadmin中可以直接配置外键过滤 比如course的teacher是外键 如果要通过teacher的name过滤 直接在filter中写 "teahcer__name"就行了， 注意是双下划线
  1. 设置mysql只能本地访问

配置mysql的bind-addr 只需要配置成127.0.0.1

获取用户名等

  1. 获取当前用户姓名：

重载save_models方法 直接在方法中通过self.request.user就可以获取到当前操作xadmin的用户了

  1. 外键过滤
def get_context(self):
   context = superCourseAdmin, self).get_context()
   if 'form' in context:
       context['form'].fields['course_org'].queryset = CourseOrg.objects.filter(is_main_stage=True)
   return context
#在adminx里面重载这个函数，在xadmin中可以直接配置外键过滤 比如course的teacher是外键 如果要通过teacher的name过滤 直接在filter中写 "teahcer__name"就行了， 注意是双下划线
  1. 设置mysql只能本地访问

配置mysql的bind-addr 只需要配置成127.0.0.1

管理员身份运行cmd配置虚拟环境

  1. mkvirtualenv youpinmodel
  2. pip install django==1.9.8
  3. 下载python的mysql驱动，进入到文件目录cd /d C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop
    pip install mysql(tab)
  4. 在虚拟环境youpinmodel中新建项目
  5. pip install pillow

根据项目需求设计app

  • users-用户管理
  • employee-考核对象管理
  • institution-制度管理
  • informationinput-考核信息录入

配置数据库连接

#数据库连接配置
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "youpin1",
        'USER':'root',
        'PASSWORD':'',
        'HOST':'127.0.0.1'
    }
}

新建users app

新建users app

startapp users

model配置

#载入utf8编码
# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
#继承app
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
#新建模型，CharField要定义max_length
class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"昵称", default="")
    birday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u"生日", null=True, blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male",u"男"),("female","女")), default="female")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="image/%Y/%m",default=u"image/default.png", max_length=100)
    user_id = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户信息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username

将UserProfile注册到app中，并重载setting方法

此步前一定要restart一下，否则后面xadmin就要重新生成auth_user，或者注释掉下面一句重新生成下表

AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"

生成user表

makemigrations users
migrate users

新建剩余app

考核对象表

class w_section(models.Model):
    w_sectionid = models.CharField(max_length=2, verbose_name=u"工段ID")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"工段名")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"工段"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

class w_team(models.Model):
    w_teamid = models.CharField(max_length=4, verbose_name=u"车间班组ID",default=0)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"车间班组名")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"车间班组"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name


class w_employee(models.Model):
    w_employeeid = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name=u"员工编号",default=0)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"员工姓名")
    w_sectionid = models.ForeignKey(w_section, verbose_name=u"所属工段")
    w_teamid = models.ForeignKey(w_team, verbose_name=u"所属车间班组")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"员工信息管理"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

制度表

class inscategory(models.Model):
    categoryid = models.CharField(max_length=2, verbose_name=u"制度类别ID")
    category = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"制度类别")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"制度分类"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.category

class institution(models.Model):
    categoryid = models.ForeignKey(inscategory, verbose_name=u"制度类别ID")
    institution = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"制度内容")
    institutionid = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name=u"制度ID")
    score = models.CharField(max_length=2, verbose_name=u"加扣分")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"制度"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.institutionid

考核信息录入，操作上面两张表

class informationinput(models.Model):
    "考核信息录入"
    user=models.ForeignKey(UserProfile,verbose_name=u"考核员")
    category=models.ForeignKey(institution,verbose_name="制度ID和加扣分")
    sketch=models.CharField(max_length=500,verbose_name=u"简述")
    w_employeeid = models.ForeignKey(w_employee, verbose_name=u"考核对象")
    add_time=models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="information/%y/%m", default=u"information/default.png", max_length=100)
    has_agree=models.BooleanField(default=False,verbose_name=u"是否审查通过")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"考核信息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

将所有app放到apps文件夹下

import sys
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

后台管理配置

createsuperuser
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False
#使用本地时间

安装xadmin

pip install xadmin
#注册app
    'xadmin',
    'crispy_forms',
#url注册
import xadmin
    url(r'^xadmin/', xadmin.site.urls),
#同步表
makemigrations
migrate
#移动xadmin到extra_apps中，并mark
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'extra_apps'))
pip uninstall xadmin
makemigrations xadmin
migrate xadmin

设置模板，注册其它app

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
__author__ = 'grl'
__date__ = '$DATE $TIME'
#制度app
import xadmin

from .models import inscategory,institution

class inscategoryAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['categoryid', 'category']
    search_fields = ['categoryid', 'category']
    list_filter = ['categoryid', 'category']

class institutionAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['categoryid', 'institution','institutionid','score']
    search_fields = ['categoryid', 'institution','institutionid','score']
    list_filter = ['categoryid', 'institution','institutionid','score']

xadmin.site.register(inscategory, inscategoryAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(institution, institutionAdmin)
#员工app
import xadmin

from .models import w_section,w_team,w_employee

class w_sectionAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['w_sectionid', 'name']
    search_fields = ['w_sectionid', 'name']
    list_filter = ['w_sectionid', 'name']

class w_teamAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['w_teamid', 'name']
    search_fields = ['w_teamid', 'name']
    list_filter = ['w_teamid', 'name']
    
class w_employeeAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['w_employeeid', 'name','w_sectionid','w_teamid']
    search_fields = ['w_employeeid', 'name','w_sectionid','w_teamid']
    list_filter = ['w_employeeid', 'name','w_sectionid','w_teamid']

xadmin.site.register(w_section, w_sectionAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(w_team, w_teamAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(w_employee, w_employeeAdmin)
#考核信息录入app
import xadmin

from .models import informationinput

class informationinputAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['user', 'category','sketch','w_employeeid','add_time','image','has_agree']
    search_fields = ['user', 'category','sketch','w_employeeid','add_time','image','has_agree']
    list_filter = ['user', 'category','sketch','w_employeeid','add_time','image','has_agree']

xadmin.site.register(informationinput, informationinputAdmin)
#用户adminx中配置全站基础
import xadmin
from xadmin import views

class BaseSetting(object):
    enable_themes = True
    use_bootswatch = True

class GlobalSettings(object):
    site_title = "信息后台管理系统"
    site_footer = ""


xadmin.site.register(views.BaseAdminView, BaseSetting)
xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView, GlobalSettings)
#apps.py中配置中文显示
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    verbose_name = u"制度管理"
#_init_文件中配置
default_app_config = "institution.apps.InstitutionConfig"
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