用到的命令：
git log 查看所以当下分支的所有commit信息
git checkout 59486d392cc8643 切换到某个commit分支上
vi styles/style.css 编辑这个文件（按 i 可以进入编辑插入状态，按ESC退出编辑插入模式，输入 wq! 保存并退出到命令行界面 ）
git status 查看文件的状态是否被更改
git add style.css 将变更文件提交到暂存区
git commit -m'说明' 把文件从暂存区提交到git上
以上两个命令可以变成一个：git commit -am'说明'
git branch -av 查看当前的所有分支
gitk -all 跳转到gitk的图形界面并直观地显示所有的分支
git branch fix_css 69697ba 创建名为fix_css的分支69697ba
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning (master)
$ git log
commit a68037ead938c0acc792c70da1e0a5ab6ac4d2ca (HEAD -> master, fix_readme)
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Tue Dec 11 09:41:10 2018 +0800
readme.txt to readme.md
commit 449a5d61003c986ec2516aa2fc37e12bfe767e7c
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Tue Dec 11 00:19:41 2018 +0800
Add refering projects
commit aec5d5c5572b1b31459ac7cf9029bfa6437e4700
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Mon Dec 10 23:58:28 2018 +0800
add js
commit 59486d392cc864377dae7889ea19305dd486bac3
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Mon Dec 10 23:51:30 2018 +0800
Add style
commit 9c2763dd17c4ed21233616a965e6702d39dfd346
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Mon Dec 10 23:43:01 2018 +0800
Add index + logo
commit 321da61f9dac1e4126e3ccff38ae2a231264e8cf
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Mon Dec 10 22:49:35 2018 +0800
Add readme.txt
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning (master)
$ git checkout 59486d392cc8643
Note: checking out '59486d392cc8643'.
You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental
changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this
state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.
If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may
do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:
git checkout -b <new-branch-name>
HEAD is now at 59486d3 Add style
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning ((59486d3...))
$ ls -al
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 1 Administrator 197121 0 12月 11 14:05 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 Administrator 197121 0 12月 11 11:24 ../
drwxr-xr-x 1 Administrator 197121 0 12月 11 14:05 .git/
drwxr-xr-x 1 Administrator 197121 0 12月 11 13:56 images/
-rw-r--r-- 1 Administrator 197121 1352 12月 11 14:05 index.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 Administrator 197121 0 12月 11 14:05 readme.txt
drwxr-xr-x 1 Administrator 197121 0 12月 11 14:05 styles/
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning ((59486d3...))
$ vi styles/style.css
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning ((59486d3...))
$ git status
HEAD detached at 59486d3
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: styles/style.css
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning ((59486d3...))
$ git commit -am'Background to green'
[detached HEAD 69697ba] Background to green
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning ((69697ba...))
$ git log
commit 69697bafa4fc3213b70cc24e44a14c2db379dec6 (HEAD)
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Tue Dec 11 14:08:36 2018 +0800
Background to green
commit 59486d392cc864377dae7889ea19305dd486bac3
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Mon Dec 10 23:51:30 2018 +0800
Add style
commit 9c2763dd17c4ed21233616a965e6702d39dfd346
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Mon Dec 10 23:43:01 2018 +0800
Add index + logo
commit 321da61f9dac1e4126e3ccff38ae2a231264e8cf
Author: crj <768622644@qq.com>
Date: Mon Dec 10 22:49:35 2018 +0800
Add readme.txt
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning ((69697ba...))
$ git branch -av
* (HEAD detached from 59486d3) 69697ba Background to green
fix_readme a68037e readme.txt to readme.md
master a68037e readme.txt to readme.md
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning ((69697ba...))
$ git checkout master
Warning: you are leaving 1 commit behind, not connected to
any of your branches:
69697ba Background to green
If you want to keep it by creating a new branch, this may be a good time
to do so with:
git branch <new-branch-name> 69697ba
Switched to branch 'master'
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning (master)
$ gitk --all
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning (master)
$ git branch fix_css 69697ba
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning (master)
$ gitk --all
Administrator@WIN-KF4CHDSKKH5 MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-learning/git_learning (master)
$
