四、被动语态
构成：主语+【be + done】
一般现在：am/is/are + done
一般过去：was/were + done
一般将来：will be + done
am/is/are going to + done
过去将来：would be + done
was/were going to + done
现在进行：am/is/are being + done
过去进行：was/were being + done
现在完成：have/has been + done
过去完成：had been + done
例7*The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天被打扫。
例8*The classroom was cleaned yesterday.教室昨天被打扫。
例9*The classroom will be cleaned tomorrow.教室明天被打扫。
例10*The classroom is being cleaned.教室正在被打扫。
例11*The classroom has been cleaned.教室被打扫了。
例12*The classroom had been cleaned before the teacher came in.老师进来前教室被打扫了。
五、没有被动语态的词/词组
1、look 看起来 sound 听起来；adj.甜美的
taste 尝起来 smell 闻起来
feel 觉得/摸起来 get 变得
become 变得 seem似乎/ 显得 appear 显得
2、发生happen 事情做主语
take place
3、break out/break down 无被动
爆发
六、主谓一致
1、就远原则
2、就近原则
3、时间、高度、距离等做主语，是第三人称单数。
4、
a number of+可数名词复数 + are 许多的/大量的
the number of+名词 + is …的数量/…的数字
例13*The number of students in our school is 500.
A. is B. are
5、
many+可数名词复数+are
many a+可数名词单数 +is
例14*Many students are
Many a student is
6、Every n，n and n is
Every man，woman，boy and girl is
7、
分子 基数词
分母 序数词
如果分子≥2，分母+s
例15* 4/7 four sevenths
七、横线和“s”不能同时加
例16*two—thousand—word
例17*three—hundred—year—old
1*The teacher says this Hope School two years ago.
A. has been built B. was built
C. built D. had been built
2*There are many people over there. What do you think ？
A. is happened B. had happened
C. has happened D. would happen
3*Five minutes all that I can spare to talk over this matter with you.
A. are B. is C. be D. was
4*Every man，woman，and child needs love and understanding.
A. need B. is needed C. are needed D. needs
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5*“Do you have work to do this weekend？”
“Yes，I have to write a two—thousand—word paper.”
A. two—thousands—words B. two—thousands—word
C. two—thousand——words D. two—thousand—word
6*He bought a three—hundred—year—old picture of two men working in a field.
A. three—hundreds—year—old B. three—hundred—years—old
C. three—hundred—year—old D. three—hundred—year—olds
1*Two years has passed since I ___ you the first time.
A. meet
B. have met
C. met
D. had met
2*Sally took a photo of her friends while they _________ computer games.
A. played
B. are playing
C. have played
D. were playing
3*Nobody except Lily and Lucy ______ New York for a month last year. Only they can be our guides.
A. were in
B. has been in
C. was in
D. has been to
4* I had to go to work by taxi because my car ________ at the garage.
A. will be repaired
B. was repaired
C. was being repaired
D. had been repaired
5*No sooner _____asleep than she heard a knock at the door.
A. she had fallen
B. had she fallen
C. she had fell
D. did she fall
6* My uncle said that he would telephone but I _____from him so far.
A. didn’t hear
B. hadn’t heard
C. haven’t heard
D. won’t hear
7* Do I have to take this medicine? It ________ so terrible.
A. tastes
B.is tasting
C.is tasted
D. has tasted
1、答案是C，看清楚题就可以。since 后面的从句用一般过去时。
2、答案是D，根据意思判断时态，看准已知时态。他们正在打游戏的时候，Sally 照了张相。
3、答案是C，就远原则，主语是nobody ，单三，last year 去年，明确表示过去的词，一般过去时
4、答案是C，我不得不打车上班，因为车正在被修理。过去进行时的被动语态
5、答案是B，fall asleep 睡着了
6、答案是C，现在完成时，so far 提示词。表示从我叔叔过去说一直到现在，我都没接到电话。
7、答案是A，taste 尝起来，没有被动，同时也没有进行时。
