1、获取虚拟机的IP地址
192.168.109.129
2、获取当前系统的时间
[root@hyc ~]# date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
2025-01-11 16:53:36
3、设置当前的时间为2023年1月1日12：00
[root@hyc ~]# date -s "20230101 12:00"
Sun Jan 1 12:00:00 PM CST 2023
4、从当前目录切换到/root/home目录，并查看/root/home下有哪些文件和目录
[root@hyc ~]# ls
111 1.txt anaconda-ks.cfg dabao.tar dir1 Documents file1 file8 flie2 ip.log Pictures Templates virc yasuo2.zip
111.txt 2.txt dabao,tar Desktop dir2 Downloads file7 file9 hyc.txt Music Public Videos yasuo1.tar.gz
[root@hyc ~]# tree home
home
0 directories, 0 files
[root@hyc ~]# tree /root/home
/root/home
0 directories, 0 files
5、打印当前路径
[root@hyc ~]# pwd
/root
二、
1、创建/root/dir1/dir2目录
[root@hyc ~]# mkdir /root/dir1/dir2
2、在/root下创建guazai1、guazai2、guazai3、guazai4.......一直到guazai10目录
[root@hyc ~]# mkdir guazai1 guazai2 guazai3 guazai4 guazai5 guazai6 guazai7 guazai8 guazai9 guazai10
3、删除/root/dir1/dir2
[root@hyc ~]# rm -rf /root/dir1/dir2
4在当前路径下创建以你名字命名的文件
[root@hyc ~]# touch hyc
5、查看/etc/passwd文件的内容，并过滤出包含root的行
[root@hyc ~]# cat /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:Kernel Overflow User:/:/sbin/nologin
tss:x:59:59:Account used for TPM access:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-coredump:x:999:997:systemd Core Dumper:/:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
polkitd:x:998:996:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
colord:x:997:995:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/:/sbin/nologin
pipewire:x:996:993:PipeWire System Daemon:/run/pipewire:/usr/sbin/nologin
clevis:x:995:992:Clevis Decryption Framework unprivileged user:/var/cache/clevis:/usr/sbin/nologin
sssd:x:994:991:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
geoclue:x:993:990:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
flatpak:x:992:989:User for flatpak system helper:/:/sbin/nologin
setroubleshoot:x:991:988:SELinux troubleshoot server:/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/usr/sbin/nologin
libstoragemgmt:x:986:986:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
cockpit-wsinstance:x:985:984:User for cockpit-ws instances:/nonexisting:/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:x:984:983::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/usr/share/empty.sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
chrony:x:983:982:chrony system user:/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
dnsmasq:x:982:981:Dnsmasq DHCP and DNS server:/var/lib/dnsmasq:/usr/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
redhat:x:1000:1000:redhat:/home/redhat:/bin/bash
[root@hyc ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep root -v\
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:Kernel Overflow User:/:/sbin/nologin
tss:x:59:59:Account used for TPM access:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-coredump:x:999:997:systemd Core Dumper:/:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
polkitd:x:998:996:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
colord:x:997:995:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/:/sbin/nologin
pipewire:x:996:993:PipeWire System Daemon:/run/pipewire:/usr/sbin/nologin
clevis:x:995:992:Clevis Decryption Framework unprivileged user:/var/cache/clevis:/usr/sbin/nologin
sssd:x:994:991:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
geoclue:x:993:990:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
flatpak:x:992:989:User for flatpak system helper:/:/sbin/nologin
setroubleshoot:x:991:988:SELinux troubleshoot server:/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/usr/sbin/nologin
libstoragemgmt:x:986:986:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
cockpit-wsinstance:x:985:984:User for cockpit-ws instances:/nonexisting:/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:x:984:983::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/usr/share/empty.sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
chrony:x:983:982:chrony system user:/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
dnsmasq:x:982:981:Dnsmasq DHCP and DNS server:/var/lib/dnsmasq:/usr/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
redhat:x:1000:1000:redhat:/home/redhat:/bin/bash
6、使用echo的命令输出“Hello,World!”到屏幕上
[root@hyc ~]# echo "Hello,World!"
Hello,World!
7、提取/etc/passwd第一列的内容
[root@hyc ~]# head -n 1 /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
8、为/root/anaconda-ks.cfg文件创建软链接到/下并命名为a.cfg
[root@hyc ~]# ln -s /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /root/a,cfg
9、复制/etc/shadow文件到/root下
[root@hyc ~]# cp /etc/shadow /root
10、查找以repo结尾的文件
[root@hyc ~]# find / -name "*.repo"
/run/media/root/RHEL-9-5-0-BaseOS-x86_64/media.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo
/var/lib/rhsm/repo_server_val/redhat.repo
/usr/share/rhel/secrets/redhat.repo
11、把/etc/gshadow和/root/home打包压缩为/root/ys.tar.gz
[root@hyc ~]# tar -czvf /root/ ys.tar.gz /etc/gshadow /root/home
tar:Removing leading /' from member names /etc/gshadow tar:Removing leading/'from hard link targets
/root/home/
