March 11-24 《剑桥雅思官方真题集8》第3套题的雅思范文
前两个月我们学习了雅思大作文的经典题型：
1. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
2. Discuss both views and give your own opinion
这个月我们来了解 To what extent do you agree or disagree 这一经典题型
作文题目/ Topic
Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problem.
作文要求/ Task
To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think might be effective? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
题目解析：这种题型的两种问法：
1）只有to what extent do you agree or disagree这一问题 。
2）在第一问题的基础上，再问一个问题, 即其他有效的措施： What other measures do you think might be effective， 此时两个问题必须都要充分回答。
不管是第一还是第二种问法，开头段的写法是一样的，都需要我们直接、清晰、明确地给出自己的立场。就正文部分而言，第一种问法需要提出并展开2-3个分论点，以支持自己的立场。第二种问法更好写，因为基本不需要考生自己想分论点了，直接回答题目中的两个问题就好。那么哪个问题占的篇幅较多呢？
范文启示： 开头段阐明立场---不同意题目观点（是否同意）---其他有效措施A----其他有效措施B---结尾段总结其他措施。可见考官在第二个问题上的笔墨更多一些。
赏析：
1）表明立场的表达： Solving these problems is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.
仅仅上调汽油的价格是不够的。
2）注意让步句的写法：
While it is undeniable that private car use is one of the main causes of the increase in traffic and pollution, higher fuel costs are unlikely to limit the number of drivers for long.
前半句表示承认和赞同，后半句提出自己不同意的地方。
表示承认的句式： It is undeniable/true that...
3) 注意第二段最后一句的精妙和灵活性。第二段写作者不同意题目观点，最后一句承上启下，既回应上一句，又引出下面两段措施，增强了文章的连贯性。我们可以在自己的作文中试着写这样的句子。
But there are various other measures that could be implemented that would have a huge effect on these problems.
4）积累积极的词汇。我们从中可以积累交通、出行类话题写作必备表达。
比如： private car use, implement other measures, develop clean fuels, adopt a new technology, a more effective strategy, improve the choice of public transport services available to travelers, sky trains, underground train system, maintain public transport system, attractive and affordable alternatives.
5) 注意文中中暗示解决根本问题的小词。
第一段第2句：“more than a simple rise”; 第二段第句“for long”, 第3句 “that would have a huge effect on”; 第五段中“long-term traffic and pollution reductions.” 这些小词放在一起，表明作者在想办法从根本上解决题目中提出的问题。
6） 注意结尾段长句的对称性和简洁性。
In conclusion, I think that long-term traffic and pollution reductions would depend on a) educating the public to use public transport more, and b) on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.
句子学习： 通过临摹和背诵的方式精学一段话。
临摹句子1： Solving these problems is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.
提炼出句型：Solving X is likely to need more than Y.
造句示范:
a) Solving the efficiency problem is likely to need more than simply/just giving everybody a laptop.
b) Solving the innovation problem is likely to need more than students who perform well in exams.
临摹句子2： While it is undeniable that private car use is one of the main causes of the increase in traffic and pollution, higher fuel costs are unlikely to limit the number of drivers for long.
提炼句型： While it is undeniable that X, Y is/are unlikely to do Z.
造句示范：
a）While it is undeniable that underage drinking is a serious problem, raising the prices of liquor is unlikely to deter teenagers from drinking.
b) While it is undeniable that vocabulary is essential for good writing, increasing vocabulary alone is unlikely to improve writing.
临摹句子3： Long-distance train and coach services should be attractive and affordable alternatives to driving your own car for long journeys.
提炼句型： X and Y should be made attractive and affordable alternatives to Z.
造句示范：
a）In college dining halls, low-fat meals should be made attractive and affordable alternatives to carbohydrate-rich food.
b) Outsourcing certain projects should be made an attractive and affordable alternative to writing the codes by full-time soft engineers.
2) 可直接背诵和使用的句子
But there are other various measures that could be implemented that would have a huge effect on these problems.
作业：
1）参考第三部分的句型造句
1. Solving aging population problems in China is likely to need more than the elimination of the one-child policy.
2. While it is undeniable that the one-child policy heightens China's aging crisis, encouraging women to have more babies alone is unlikely to address key challenges in the aging society.
3. Developing a good elderly system and protecting pregnant women at work should be attractive and affordable alternatives to solving the problems of the aging population in China.
2) 用不同的句式和表达paraphrase 下面的句子。
a）It is true that private vehicles exacerbate congestion and pollution. Higher fuel costs, however, will fail to restrict people to use their own cars in the long run.
b）If the public is educated to take full advantage of public transport and governments ensure effective and efficient systems, traffic and and pollution will reduce in the long term.
