1. amassed — accumulated, gathered, collected
2. fortune — wealth, riches, assets
3. shipping — maritime transport, sea freight
4. mining — mineral extraction, quarrying（部分语境）
5. inheritance — legacy, bequest, heritage
6. unmarried — single, unwed
7. upbringing — rearing, raising, education at home
8. rural — countryside, pastoral, non-urban
9. philanthropic — charitable, benevolent, humanitarian（侧重救济）
10. rigorously — strictly, thoroughly, meticulously
11. geared toward — aimed at, tailored to, oriented toward
12. pursuit — interest, activity, endeavor
13. academic — scholastic, educational
14. extensively — widely, broadly, thoroughly
15. governess — private tutor, nanny-teacher（近似）
16. extensive — wide-ranging, comprehensive, large-scale
17. coincide with — correspond with, overlap with, occur at the same time as
18. dealer — trader, merchant, agent
19. assume — presume, suppose, believe
20. largely — mainly, chiefly, predominantly
21. responsible for — accountable for, behind, the cause of
22. retain — keep, preserve, maintain
23. journal — diary, log, notebook
24. reveal — disclose, show, expose
25. preference — liking, partiality, taste
26. Old Master — classical master, pre-modern European master（视语境）
27. secure — obtain, acquire, gain
28. collector — connoisseur（偏鉴赏）、buyer/hoarder（按语境）
29. means — resources, wealth, income, financial capacity
30. willing — ready, inclined, prepared
31. fashionable — trendy, stylish, in vogue
32. Impressionist — plein-air modernist（不严谨；建议保留术语）
33. champion — advocate, supporter, defender
34. contemporary — modern, present-day, current
35. precise — exact, accurate, specific
36. scene — view, vista, setting
37. bulk — majority, mass, lion’s share
38. conflict — war, strife, hostilities
39. initial — first, earliest, original
40. response — reaction, reply, feedback
41. finance — fund, bankroll, subsidize
42. passage — transit, crossing, movement through
43. occupied — invaded, seized, under enemy control
44. humanitarian — compassionate relief-focused, philanthropic（近义但侧重不同）
45. vibrant — lively, dynamic, energetic
46. volunteer — offer, enlist, serve willingly
47. canteen — mess hall, dining facility
48. troops — soldiers, forces, servicemen
49. tedious — boring, dull, tiresome
50. distressing — upsetting, painful, disturbing
51. permanent — lasting, enduring, irreversible
52. numerous — many, countless, abundant
53. nearby — adjacent, neighboring, close by
54. acquire — obtain, procure, purchase
55. landscape — scenery, countryside, terrain
56. dam — barrage, water barrier
57. directly — straight, immediately, without intermediary
58. display — exhibition, show, presentation
59. commentator — critic, analyst, reviewer
60. unlikely — improbable, doubtful, unexpected
61. pioneer — trailblazer, forerunner, innovator
62. isolation — seclusion, remoteness, separation
63. obliged — required, compelled; grateful/indebted（按语境）
64. taste — preference, palate, aesthetic judgment
65. adviser — consultant, counselor, mentor
66. frequent — repeated, regular, recurrent
67. consideration — deliberation, review, thought
68. increasingly — progressively, more and more, ever more
69. uncomfortable — uneasy, awkward, troubled
70. poverty — destitution, penury, need
71. upheaval — turmoil, disruption, convulsion
72. exclusively — solely, only, purely
73. cause — aim, purpose, charitable mission; reason（另一义项）
74. conference — convention, symposium, meeting
75. venue — site, location, setting
76. festival — gala, celebration, fete
77. purchase — buy, acquire, procurement
78. relatively — comparatively, fairly, rather
79. scale — extent, scope, magnitude
80. routinely — regularly, habitually, ordinarily
81. ignore — overlook, disregard, neglect
82. institution — organization, establishment, body
83. donate — give, contribute, bestow
84. respectively — separately, in turn, in that order
85. contain — include, hold, comprise
86. major — main, principal, significant
87. example — instance, case, specimen
88. leading — foremost, premier, top-ranking
89. legacy — heritage, inheritance, bequest
90. beyond — outside, past, exceeding, out of reach of
