【Day1】科学简史精读之单词笔记

1. perpetual:  adj

1. never ending or changing

eg.

deep caves in perpetual darkness

a perpetual secretary of the society

2. occurring repeatedly; so frequency as to seem endless and uninterrupted

eg.

their perpetual money worries

he grows perpetual flowering carnations.(carnation:康乃馨)

3. derivatives: perpetrate(verb); perpetration(noun)

2. assert: verb

1. to state with assurance, confidence, or force;

2. to maintain or defend(claims,right, etc...)

3. to state as having existence;

4. assert oneself: to insist one's rights;

eg. The candidate finally asserted himself about property taxes(财产税).

3. reinforce:verb

1. to strengthen with some added piece, support, or material;

eg. to reinforce a wall.

2. to strengthen (a military force) with additional personnel, ships, or aircraft;

eg. to reinforce a garrison(驻军).

3. to strengthen; make more forcible or effective;

eg. to reinforce efforts.

4. to augment; increase;

eg. to reinforce a supply.

4. peer: noun/verb

1. a person of the same legal status;同龄人

2. a person who is equal to another in abilities, qualifications, age, background, and social status.

3. something of equal worth or quality;

4. a nobleman;

verb:

to come into view

5. speculative: adj

1. theoretical, rather than practical;

eg. speculative conclusions.

2. given to speculation, as persons, the mind, etc.

3. engaging in or given to such speculation.

4. speculate:verb

6. particle:noun

1. a minute portion, piece, fragment, or amount;微粒

eg. If we were to put a force on the particle, then it would react against the force.

2. [physics] an elementary particle

3. a clause or article, as of a document

7. deflection: noun

1. amount of deviation.偏移

2. the deviation of the indicator of an instrument from the position taken as zero.偏差

8. bounce back

反弹,卷土重来

eg. He's had a lot of problems, but he always seems to bounce back pretty quickly.

9. compel: verb

1. to force or drive, especially to a course of action;迫使

eg. His disregard of the rules compels us to dismiss him.

2. to secure or bring about by force.

3. to force to submit; subdue.强制

4. synonyms: impel

10. crash down

下坠

eg. The ceiling came down with a terrific crash.

11. immortal: adj

1. not mortal; not liable or subject to death; undying:长生不死

2. remembered or celebrated through all time

eg. the immortal words of Lincoln.

3. perpetual; lasting; constant

eg. an immortal enemy.

12. monopoly: noun

1. the exclusive possession or control of something.独占

2. the market condition that exists when there is only one seller.垄断

eg. The company will become a state-owned monopoly.

13. corpse

1. a dead body, usually of a human being.尸体,死人

2. something no longer useful or viable

eg. Police are also trying to ascertain the identity of the headless corpse.

14. exquisite:adj

1. extremely beautiful or carefully made;精美的

eg. This next letter is translated from her exquisite French.

2. strongly felt;剧烈的

3. delicate and sensitive;敏锐的

15. combustion:noun

1. he act or process of burning.燃烧

eg. Soot (煤烟)is usually the product of the imperfect combustion of fuel.

2. [chemistry] rapid oxidation accompanied by heat and, usually, light.氧化

16. leap-frogging

an advance from one place, position, or situation to another without progressing through all or any of the places or stages in between:跳跃式发展

noun:leapfrog

17. collide:verb

to strike one another or one against the other with a forceful impact; come into violent contact; crash:碰撞

eg. The two cars collided with an ear-splitting crash.

18. inheritance: noun

1. verb:inherit

2. something that is or may be inherited; property passing at the owner's death to the heir or those entitled to succeed; legacy.继承财产

3. portion; birthright; heritage;

eg. Absolute rule was considered the inheritance of kings.

19. daunt: verb

1. to overcome with fear; intimidate威吓

eg. to daunt one's adversaries(敌人).

2. to lessen the courage of; dishearten使气馁

3. nothing daunted: 无所畏惧

4. synonyms: subdue;dismay

20. relentless:adj

1. not stopping or getting less strong: 不停的

2. refusing to give up or be less strict or severe;不放弃的,无情的

eg. Why not organize a relentless campaign against crime?

3. antonyms: relent

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