我们经常需要搭建开发环境,或将客户的服务部署到服务器上,以正式发布程序,这都需要采购服务器,然后搭建开发环境,并做日常维护。本文以阿里云服务器为例,记录java开发/部署环境的的搭建与维护。
操作系统:CentOS 8.2
购买好阿里云服务器后,通过ssh登录服务器,创建软件包存放文件夹,用于存放后续待使用的文件包:
sudo mkdir /root/software_packages
然后通过wget命令在服务器上直接下载下文所需软件包,或者在本地windows客户端下载好软件包后,通过winscp上传至服务器。
二、Maven安装与配置
同样,maven安装以手动下载安装为例:
- 在Apache官网下载所需版本maven文件(以apache-maven-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz为例),上传至阿里云服务器;
- 服务器创建maven安装路径
# 创建maven安装目录
sudo mkdir /usr/lib/maven
- 将maven文件解压到安装路径
# 解压缩到安装目录
sudo tar -zxvf /root/software_packages/apache-maven-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/lib/maven/
这样maven就安装好了,接下来需要配置环境变量
- 配置maven环境变量,将maven环境变量信息写入/etc/profile文件中
# 使用vim打开/etc/profile文件
vim /etc/profile
在文件末尾写入以下内容:
# maven
export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/lib/maven/apache-maven-3.6.3
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
保存退出后,务必要执行更新命令
# 更新profile文件使之立即生效
source /etc/profile
验证是否安装成功
# 验证安装
mvn -version
- 这样,maven就安装完成。接下来修改配置文件,使用国内镜像
# 进入maven配置文件夹
cd /usr/local/maven/apache-maven-3.6.3/conf
# 将settings.xml文件夹重命名(或者删除)
mv settings.xml settings.xml.bak
然后将下面的settings.xml文件通过scp命令或winscp工具传入到/usr/local/maven/apache-maven-3.6.3/conf/文件夹中即可
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>mirror</id>
<mirrorOf>central,jcenter,!rdc-releases,!rdc-snapshots</mirrorOf>
<name>mirror</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
<servers>
<server>
<id>rdc-releases</id>
<username>cApIx6</username>
<password>DcKvDiFJ85</password>
</server>
<server>
<id>rdc-snapshots</id>
<username>cApIx6</username>
<password>DcKvDiFJ85</password>
</server>
</servers>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>rdc</id>
<properties>
<altReleaseDeploymentRepository>
rdc-releases::default::https://repo.rdc.aliyun.com/repository/76226-release-psMKXc/
</altReleaseDeploymentRepository>
<altSnapshotDeploymentRepository>
rdc-snapshots::default::https://repo.rdc.aliyun.com/repository/76226-snapshot-0PejqM/
</altSnapshotDeploymentRepository>
</properties>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>snapshots</id>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
<releases>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>rdc-releases</id>
<url>https://repo.rdc.aliyun.com/repository/76226-release-psMKXc/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>rdc-snapshots</id>
<url>https://repo.rdc.aliyun.com/repository/76226-snapshot-0PejqM/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
<pluginRepository>
<id>snapshots</id>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
<releases>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
<pluginRepository>
<id>rdc-releases</id>
<url>https://repo.rdc.aliyun.com/repository/76226-release-psMKXc/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
<pluginRepository>
<id>rdc-snapshots</id>
<url>https://repo.rdc.aliyun.com/repository/76226-snapshot-0PejqM/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
</profiles>
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>rdc</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
</settings>
这样maven的安装配置就完成了。