python调用C/C++函数

OS

window10 64

python版本

python --version
Python 3.10.7

准备C++代码

tips

1. demo里兼容了python2.x和python3.x
2. 动态库名字为test，则初始化方法也必须为init_test/PyInit_test，否则会报：LINK : error LNK2001: 无法解析的外部符号 PyInit_xxx
3. c++代码需要用extern "C" 修饰init函数，（其实此方式不支持C++，用C得方式调用了C++而已）

cpp/test.cpp

// Python includes
#include <Python.h>

int Add(int x, int y) 
{ 
    return x + y; 
} 

PyObject* WrappAdd(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) 
{ 
    int x, y; 
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii", &x, &y)) 
    { 
        return NULL; 
    } 
    return Py_BuildValue("i", Add(x, y)); 
} 

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
static PyMethodDef test_methods[] = {
  {"Add", WrappAdd, METH_VARARGS, "Add"},
  {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}        /* Sentinel */
};

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
PyMODINIT_FUNC init_test(void)
{
  (void) Py_InitModule("test", test_methods);
}
#else /* PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3 */
static struct PyModuleDef test_module_def = {
  PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
  "test",
  "Internal \"test\" module",
  -1,
  test_methods
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_test(void)
{
  return PyModule_Create(&test_module_def);
}
#endif /* PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3 */

使用导出模块 setup.py

from distutils.core import setup, Extension

import io

long_description = io.open("[README.md](http://README.md)", encoding="utf-8").read()  
module_device = Extension('test',  sources = ['cpp/test.cpp']  )

setup (name = 'test-cpp2python',
            version = '1.1.0',
            description = 'test-cpp2python',
            long_description=long_description,
            long_description_content_type="text/markdown",
            author='hcm',
            url='',
            license='MIT',
            ext_modules = [module_device],
            options={'build':{'build_lib':'./test'}},
            classifiers=[
                "Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable",
                "Environment :: Console",
                "Intended Audience :: Developers",
                "Intended Audience :: Education",
                "Intended Audience :: Information Technology",
                "Intended Audience :: Science/Research",
                "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
                "Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows",
                "Programming Language :: Python",
                "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
                "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
                "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",
                "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7",
                "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
                "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
                "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
                "Programming Language :: C++",
                "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython",
                "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering",
                "Topic :: Software Development",
            ],)

导出python扩展模块

python setup.py build

查看生成的pyd文件

test/test.cp310-win_amd64.pyd

测试

cd test
python
>>> import test
>>> test.Add(1,2)
3