环境：
- Ubuntu:16.0.4
- Clion
- openCV:4.1.1
- openCV-contrib:4.1.1
第一步：
安装openCV依赖：
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev
sudo apt-get install libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev
sudo apt-get install libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install gtk+-3.0
sudo apt-get install cmake
第二步：
首先在浏览器上输入https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.1.1.zip即可自动下载openCV4.1.1的压缩包;
然后解压openCV4.1.1
unzip opencv-4.1.1.zip
进入解压好的opencv文件夹
cd opencv-4.1.1
下载opencv拓展包
git clone -b 4.1.1 https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib
进入超级用户权限或者超级用户执行
su or sudo& mkdir build & cd build
cd <opencv_build_directory>
cmake -DOPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=<opencv_contrib>/modules -DOPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON <opencv_source_directory>
make -j5
make install
其中 <opencv_source_directory> 和 <opencv_contrib>分别输入opencv的路径和opencv拓展包的路径.
在最后输入
sudo ldconfig -v 即可，到这一步如果没有报错就说明安装好了。
在Clion你的project的CmakeLists.txt 加上这两句即可：
find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED )
target_link_libraries( your_project_name ${OpenCV_LIBS} )
