UIView
创建View的步骤
- 创建视图对象
- 设置frame及相关属性
- 将创建的View添加到父视图
常用View属性
let view1 = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 15, y: 85, width: 50, height: 50))//创建视图对象，并设置frame
view1.isUserInteractionEnabled = false//是否打开用户交互
view1.tag = 10//设置tag值
view1.backgroundColor = UIColor.red//设置背景颜色
view1.alpha = 0.5//设置透明度
view1.isHidden = true//设置是否隐藏
view1.removeFromSuperview()//从其父视图移除
更多View的属性方法（简单列举几个）
-
UIView继承自UIResponder
响应者相关方法 UIView的坐标尺寸相关
- transform、transform3D View形变 transform用法
- hitTest point 方法 事件传递与响应链机制
- convert方法 坐标转换
- sizeToFit 系统会根据内容的自动布局
- UIView子视图相关
- superview、subviews 父视图、子视图
- addSubview、insertSubview、exchangeSubview 添加/插入子视图、交换子视图层级
- removeFromSuperview、bringSubviewToFront、sendSubviewToBack移出、移动视图层级
- layoutSubviews、layoutIfNeeded、setNeedsLayout 布局相关
- UIView添加手势
- addGestureRecognizer、removeGestureRecognizer 添加/移除手势
- UIView 动画(类方法) UIView简单的动画实现
- animate
- transition
- animateKeyframes
- addKeyframe
6.UIView绘制
- draw
- clipsToBounds
- alpha isHidden 透明度 是否隐藏
- contentMode 填充模式
- tintColor、tintAdjustmentMode tintcolor相关
CALayer
Swift中UIView与CALayer层的关系和OC是一样的，关系与区别请看UI视图相关中UIView以及CALayer的关系和区别
这里只简述CALayer层常用的属性
- 边框相关
- borderWidth
- borderColor
- 阴影相关
- shadowColor
- shadowOffset
- shadowOpacity
- shadowRadius
- 圆角相关
- masksToBounds
- cornerRadius
因为上面的基本上平时用的都比较多，代码就不给示例了
- 渐变相关
- 渐变需要用到CAGradientLayer
- 将创建的CAGradientLayer实例添加到view的layer层
let v = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 200, height: 200))
v.backgroundColor = UIColor.black
view.addSubview(v)
let gradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
gradientLayer.frame = v.bounds
let fromColor = UIColor.green.cgColor
let minColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
let toColor = UIColor.blue.cgColor
gradientLayer.colors = [fromColor,minColor,toColor]
gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0)
gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 1)
gradientLayer.locations = [0,0.3,1]
v.layer.addSublayer(gradientLayer)
同样我们也可以利用CAGradientLayer自定义渐变色：
extension UIColor{
class func gradientColorWithSize(_ size:CGSize, _ direction: GradientColorDirection, _ colors:[UIColor]) -> UIColor {
let gradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
gradientLayer.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: size.width, height: size.height)
var startPoint = CGPoint.zero
if direction == GradientColorDirection.GradientColorDirectionUpwardDiagonalLine {
startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0)//向上斜对角的起点与其他不同
}
gradientLayer.startPoint = startPoint
var endPoint = CGPoint.zero
switch direction {
case .GradientColorDirectionVertical:
endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0)
case .GradientColorDirectionHorizontal:
endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.0)
case .GradientColorDirectionDownDiagonalLine:
endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 1.0)
case .GradientColorDirectionUpwardDiagonalLine:
endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.0)
}
gradientLayer.endPoint = endPoint
gradientLayer.colors = colors.map{ $0.cgColor }
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(size)
gradientLayer.render(in: UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()!
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
return UIColor.init(patternImage: image)
}
}
调用代码：
let gradientView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 100, y: 320, width: 100, height: 100))
gradientView.backgroundColor = UIColor.gradientColorWithSize(CGSize(width: 100, height: 100), GradientColorDirection.GradientColorDirectionUpwardDiagonalLine, [UIColor.red,UIColor.green,UIColor.blue])
view.addSubview(gradientView)
展示效果：
代码效果展示
