本期导读：
新托福阅读题型完全解读之句子简化题
今天要聊的是托福阅读TPO21 P2中的一道句子简化题，它需要考生根据原文句子选出最能表达其要点的选项，不要改变句意，同时也不要遗漏要点信息。大家可以先试试这道题，看看自己会选哪一个答案呢？
原文：The temperature increased dramatically in a short period of time (years rather than centuries), allowing for a growth of the hunting-gathering population due to the abundance of resources.
5.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○The resources needed by the growing hunting and gathering population increased rapidly once temperatures rose.
○Dramatic temperature increases and the simultaneous growth of the hunting and gathering population led to the need for more resources.
○Higher temperatures led to the existence of increased resources, thus enabling the hunting and gathering population to grow.
○The dramatic temperature increase occurred during the few years when abundant resources allowed the hunting and gathering population to grow.
在给出这道题目答案之前，让我们先来分析下这类题目的特点。句子简化题在考试文章中往往考查长难句的处理问题。它要求考生能迅速地从原句中提取信息，并能利用逻辑关系区分要点与细节，然后根据要点与逻辑选择与之同义替换的选项。这需要考生在答题的过程中具备一定的断句能力，逻辑关系判断能力以及同义替换能力。下面就通过思维导图的方式，让大家对句子简化题来个全方位了解：
了解句子简化题的一些特征后，让我们回到文章开头提到那道题。
首先对原句进行简单理解：此句主干为The temperature increased dramatically in a short period of time，非谓语动词allowing for a growth of the hunting-gathering population表结果，介词短语due to the abundance of resources表原因。
此处要特别注意“allow for”的意思，它的英文解释是“make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain”。所以前面的“the temperature increased”会产生结果“a growth of the hunting-gathering population”。
所以此句话的要点是a growth of the hunting-gathering population。据此对比选项，会发现选项C中“thus”表“因此”，其后为该选项的要点“enabling the hunting and gathering population to grow”，这与题干要点符合。再验证前面的逻辑关系和其他部分，也一致。
此题故选C。大家都选对了吗？
关于其它选项为什么会错了？
选项A因将表结果的短语变成修饰语needed by the growing hunting and gathering population，导致句子缺少结果；选项B错误地将the simultaneous growth of the hunting and gathering population和dramatic temperature increases并列表示the need for more resources的原因；选项D将the dramatic temperature increase occurred和abundant resources之间的关系弄错，并非时间关系，而是因果关系。
BEN英语说，BEN说英语。
分享一些英语知识，
提供一些考试经验，
偶尔走下心胡思乱想。
我是BEN，愿你我在这里都能收获美好。
