Around 300 species of reptiles thrive within this hothouse... |
大约三百种爬行动物在这个温室里兴旺繁衍 |
including the ubiquitous mourning gecko. |
包括随处可见的鳞趾虎 |
It is a highly adaptable creature, |
它适应力极强 |
but did it have the tools, stamina and luck |
但它有成功漂流所需的 |
to survive being a castaway? |
工具耐力和运气吗 |
One animal certainly did. |
有一种动物显然拥有这些 |
Humans. |
人类 |
Despite only arriving in New Guinea 40,000 years ago, |
抵达新几内亚岛不过四万年 |
humans were soon established |
人类已经迅速在迷宫般的 |
throughout the island's maze of hidden valleys. |
隐藏的山谷中繁衍生息 |
Today, these people are known as Papuans, |
如今这些人被称为巴布亚人 |
and together, speak over 700 different languages - |
他们共使用超过七百种不同的语言 |
more than any other island on Earth. |
比地球上任何岛屿都多 |
Yet despite their mastery of the island, |
尽管他们是这座岛屿的主人 |
there was one creature they lived in awe of. |
有一种生物让他们保持敬畏 |
The giant, man-eating crocodile. |
巨型食人鳄 |
Even today, young men must endure a brutal initiation ceremony |
直到今天年轻男子必须经过严苛的成人礼 |
in the belief that they will acquire |
他们坚信这将赋予他们 |
the strength and guile of these giant reptiles. |
巨鳄的力量和智慧 |
The chief shaman calls out to the crocodile gods, |
首席萨满召唤巨鳄之神 |
asking for their blessing and protection. |
请它们赐予祝福和庇佑 |
The tribesmen form the sinuous shape |
部落人模仿爬行的鳄鱼 |
of a moving crocodile. |
排成蜿蜒的长队 |
At the rear, the crocodile's tail, |
在队伍的最后鳄鱼的尾部 |
a court jester lightens the mood... |
一个小丑负责调节气氛 |
momentarily. |
当然只是暂时的 |
For what follows |
接下来的 |
is a gruelling and potentially lethal rite of passage. |
是残忍甚至可能致命的成人礼 |
These young men will be mutilated to resemble crocodiles. |
年轻人的皮肤将被刻上鳄鱼般的疤痕 |
The boys are led into the spirit house, |
男孩们接受长辈的夹道鞭笞 |
running the gauntlet of blows from their elders. |
被领入圣灵之屋 |
Inside, they find sharpened lengths of bamboo. |
在屋里他们找到削尖的长竹条 |
The sacred act of scarring is about to begin. |
神圣的刻疤仪式即将开始 |
The ritual is a closely guarded secret. |
仪式的过程被严格保密 |
Their cuts are thoroughly cleaned. |
割伤处必须彻底清洁 |
Killer infections are a real danger. |
感染将是致命的威胁 |
They go in as boys, but they come out as men - |
来时还是男孩去时已成长为男人 |
crocodile men, |
巨鳄的男人 |
with the power to summon the great reptiles. |
拥有召唤巨鳄的能力 |
The scars on their back represent the animal's scales... |
他们背上的疤痕代表着鳄鱼的鳞片 |
while their chests have become the crocodile's eyes. |
胸膛则成为鳄鱼的双眼 |
If the animal you most fear might be watching your every move, |
当你最恐惧的动物关注着你的一举一动 |
any act of appeasement is worth trying. |
任何安抚都不妨一试了 |
And New Guinea wasn't the last stop |
新几内亚岛并非湾鳄 |
for saltwater crocodiles in the South Pacific. |
在南太平洋的最后一站 |
完整版请点击 |
|
Millions of years ago, these powerful reptiles |
数百万年前这种强悍的爬行动物 |
had already begun their push eastwards. |
已经开始它们的东渡之行 |
For any animal castaway, |
对于任何动物漂流者而言 |
the first hurdle would have been the 60-mile stretch of water |
首先要横跨将近一百公里的海域 |
that separates New Guinea from the next group of islands - |
才能抵达距离新几内亚岛最近的岛屿群 |
the Solomons. |
所罗门群岛 |
Instead of one dominating island, like New Guinea, |
和新几内亚岛仅有一个主岛不同 |
the Solomons are made up of almost 1,000 smaller jewels |
所罗门群岛的近一千个小岛如珍珠般 |
scattered along a 900-mile chain. |
镶嵌在约一千五百公里长的项链上 |
All these islands erupted out of the sea |
这些岛屿皆由海洋火山喷发形成 |
and were ripe for colonisation. |
对殖民而言时机已经成熟 |
The ancestors of these Solomon Islanders |
所罗门岛民的祖先 |
made that initial 60-mile crossing some 30,000 years ago. |
早在三万年前就成功跨越了那一百公里的阻隔 |
Whether their ancestors paddled |
他们的祖先是划着这种 |
across in hollowed-out tree trunks like these |
中空树干制成的独木舟 |
or floated on giant bamboo rafts, |
还是利用巨型竹筏随水漂流 |
no-one knows. |
无人知晓 |
And with land occasionally in sight, |
陆地是如此难得 |
they would have surely been tempted to investigate. |
他们必定充满了探索的欲望 |
By the time people arrived, |
当人类抵达之时 |
the Solomons were packed with almost a quarter of the plants |
新几内亚岛上近四分之一的动植物 |
and animals found in New Guinea... |
已经在此定居 |
including their old adversary, |
还有他们的老对手 |
the saltwater crocodile. |
湾鳄 |
A 60-mile swim would be an unimaginable feat for most animals, |
游近百公里对多数动物而言是难以想象的壮举 |
but salties are not most animals. |
但对湾鳄而言是小菜一碟 |
One of the few crocodiles to tolerate saltwater, |
湾鳄是几种适应咸水的鳄鱼之一 |
they are also the largest and strongest swimmers. |
它们也是最大最强壮的泳者 |
Guided by an internal compass, |
被体内的罗盘所指引 |
they made landfall throughout the Solomons |
它们在所罗门群岛各处登陆 |
and became the most easterly population of crocodiles in the Pacific. |
并成为了太平洋最东边的鳄鱼群 |
Once arrived, they'd have had plenty to feast on. |
一旦登陆它们就可以尽享饕餮盛宴了 |
The waters surrounding New Guinea and the Solomons |
环绕新几内亚岛和所罗门群岛的水域 |
are the richest and most diverse in the world. |
是世界上最丰饶和物种最丰富的水域 |
Indeed, there are more species of fish on one of these reefs |
这一片珊瑚礁上的鱼群种类 |
than in the whole of the Caribbean. |
就比整个加勒比海里的还要多 |
But how did all this life |
但这些生命是如何 |
reach the Solomons from New Guinea? |
从新几内亚到达所罗门群岛的呢 |
You might think it would be easy |
你也许会认为 |
for a fish to swim between these small islands. |
鱼类在这些小岛间穿梭是件易事 |
But not so. |
但并非如此 |
You wouldn't find these little fish in deep water. |
这些小鱼只在浅水区出没 |
The open ocean beyond their shallow reef is, |
这些浅礁上方的开阔水域 |
in fact, a huge barrier. |
实际上是一个巨大的障碍 |
So how did all these fish come to be here? |
那么这些鱼到底是怎么来的呢 |
Colonising new reefs is a challenge |
在新的珊瑚礁上建造栖息地 |
faced by fish across the South Pacific, |
是南太平洋的鱼群需要面对的挑战 |
but they have a simple solution. |
但它们有一个简单的解决方案 |
Once a year, thousands of groupers gather on the reefs. |
每年一次无数石斑鱼聚集在珊瑚礁上 |
With the coming of the full moon, an extraordinary event unfolds. |
当满月降临一场盛典拉开了帷幕 |
They spawn. |
它们开始产卵 |
A female darts up and releases millions of eggs, |
一只雌鱼向上猛冲产下上百万颗卵 |
quickly followed by the males, |
雄鱼们紧紧跟上 |
who jostle to fertilise them. |
互相推挤着为卵受精 |
But starting new life can end in death. |
但新生命的诞生可能伴随着死亡 |
Grey reef sharks. |
黑尾真鲨来了 |