python使用openpyxl操作excel

定义

excel文件： workbook
表：worksheet

文件和表

*** 定义一个excel文件：***

from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()

获取一个worksheet

ws = wb.active   #*默认得到第一个表*

创建一个表

ws = wb.create_sheet() #在最后一个位置创建表
ws = wb.create_sheet(0) #在第一个位置创建表

更改表名

ws.title = 'sheetname'

更改表标签的背景色

ws.sheet_properties.tabColor = "1072BA"

通过表名获取一个表

ws = wb["tablename"]

获取一个表名

print(wb.get_sheet_names())

excel文件里的表标签可以迭代获取

for sheet in wb:
    print(sheet.title)

单元格

访问单元格

cell = ws['A4'].value

改变单元格的值

ws['A4'] = 10

访问多个单元格

cell_range = ws['A1':'C2']
*其中cell_range是一个二维数组，容纳从A1到C2的一个单元格矩阵*

访问整列或者整行

ws.rows
((<Cell Sheet.A1>, <Cell Sheet.B1>, <Cell Sheet.C1>),(<Cell Sheet.A2>, <Cell Sheet.B2>, <Cell Sheet.C2>),(<Cell Sheet.A3>, <Cell Sheet.B3>, <Cell Sheet.C3>),(<Cell Sheet.A4>, <Cell Sheet.B4>, <Cell Sheet.C4>),(<Cell Sheet.A5>, <Cell Sheet.B5>, <Cell Sheet.C5>),(<Cell Sheet.A6>, <Cell Sheet.B6>, <Cell Sheet.C6>),(<Cell Sheet.A7>, <Cell Sheet.B7>, <Cell Sheet.C7>),(<Cell Sheet.A8>, <Cell Sheet.B8>, <Cell Sheet.C8>),(<Cell Sheet.A9>, <Cell Sheet.B9>, <Cell Sheet.C9>))

ws.columns
((<Cell Sheet.A1>,<Cell Sheet.A2>,<Cell Sheet.A3>,<Cell Sheet.A4>,<Cell Sheet.A5>,<Cell Sheet.A6>,...<Cell Sheet.B7>,<Cell Sheet.B8>,<Cell Sheet.B9>),(<Cell Sheet.C1>,<Cell Sheet.C2>,<Cell Sheet.C3>,<Cell Sheet.C4>,<Cell Sheet.C5>,<Cell Sheet.C6>,<Cell Sheet.C7>,<Cell Sheet.C8>,<Cell Sheet.C9>))

数据类型猜测

wb = Workbook(guess_types=True)

保存excel文件

wb = Workbook()
wb.save('balances.xlsx')

这个操作会覆盖原有的文件

读取excel文件

>>> from openpyxl import load_workbook
>>> wb2 = load_workbook('test.xlsx')
>>> print wb2.get_sheet_names()
['Sheet2', 'New Title', 'Sheet1']

python excel openpyxl