1)动词不定式:由to+动词原形构成,可以做主语,宾语,宾补,定语,表语和状语
To get there by bike will take us an hour.(作主语)
骑自行车去那将会花掉我们一个小时时间
The driver failed to see the car in time.(作宾语)
司机没能及时看到那辆车
We believe him to be guilty.(作宾补)
我们相信他是有罪的
The next train to arrive is from Seoul.(作定语)
快到的下一列火车是从首尔来的
My suggestion is to put off the meeting.(作表语)
我的建议是推迟这个会议
I come here only to say goodbye to you.(作状语)
我来这仅仅是向你道别
2)“动词原形+ing”可作动名词用,具有动词的特征和变化形式,但在句子中的用法及功能类同名词:在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。
Reading is an art.(作主语)
阅读是一门艺术
They went on walking and never stopped talking.(作宾语)
他们一直走并从未停止交谈
Your task is quickly cleaning the windows.(作表语)
你的任务是快速地把窗户擦干净
This is a reading room.(作定语)
这是一个阅读室

每日一句:Keep on going and never give up.勇往直前,决不放弃!