问题描述
如果使用Azure App Service部署.NET 应用,会发现在内容并没有达到100%的时候,也会出现OOM错误。这是一个什么情况呢?

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大内存测试代码
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!"); int objunmbers = 20000; byte[][] largeArray = new byte[objunmbers][];
Console.WriteLine("Start to create big memory object ... from 2GB"); //Console.WriteLine("Start to create big memory object ... from 20MB");
long size = 2L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024; // 2GB //long size = 2L * 1024 * 1024 * 10; // 20MB
int times = 1; while (size > 0)
{ if (CreateBigMemoryObject(largeArray,size, times))
{
Console.WriteLine($"[{times}] Successfully created memory object of size: {size} bytes ({size / 1024 / 1024} MB)");
times = times + 1;
} else {
Console.WriteLine($"Failed to create memory object of size: {size} bytes ({size / 1024 / 1024} MB). Trying smaller size...");
size = size - 100 * 1024 * 1024; // Decrease by 100MB //size = size - 1 * 1024 * 1024; // Decrease by 1MB
} //Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
Console.WriteLine("Finished memory allocation attempts.");
Console.WriteLine("sleep 5 mins");
Thread.Sleep(5 * 60 * 1000);
Console.WriteLine("End");
} static bool CreateBigMemoryObject(byte[][] largeArray,long size,int index)
{ try {
largeArray[index] = new byte[size]; return true;
} catch (OutOfMemoryException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"OutOfMemoryException: {ex.Message}");
} catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Exception: {ex.Message}");
} return false;
}
问题解答
在反复试验后,证明这是.NET 应用在 Azure App Service(Windows) 上才会遇见的问题。
根本原因是:.NET Core 在运行时会对 GC 堆的最大可用内存设定一个Hard Limit,而App Service中设定的值为 75%, 所以32Gb的内容最大可用24Gb。

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( Manage resource usage for all GC flavors : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/runtime-config/garbage-collector#manage-resource-usage-for-all-gc-flavors )
当然,知道这个限制之后,就可以通过配置去修改它,比如通过配置 runtimeconfig.json 文件,设置 System.GC.HeapHardLimitPercent : 96 或者 System.GC.HeapHardLimit : 32,000,000,000

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参考资料
Manage resource usage for all GC flavors : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/runtime-config/garbage-collector#manage-resource-usage-for-all-gc-flavors
当在复杂的环境中面临问题,格物之道需:浊而静之徐清,安以动之徐生。 云中,恰是如此!