Gob是Go特定的序列化方法，主要为RPC(远程过程调用)创建。
它支持除通道和函数之外的所有Go数据类型。
Gob将类型信息写入序列化数据中。
它是一种二进制格式，因此比JSON或XML更有效。
包含类型信息使编码和解码对编码器和解码器之间的差异具有鲁棒性。
将数据编码到文件并从文件解码
type User struct {
Username string
Password string
}
func writeToGob(path string, user *User) error {
file, err := os.Create(path)
if err != nil {
return err
}
encoder := gob.NewEncoder(file)
err = encoder.Encode(user)
if err != nil {
file.Close()
return err
}
return file.Close()
}
func write(path string, user *User) {
err := writeToGob(path, user)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("writeToGob() failed with '%s'\n", err)
}
st, err := os.Stat(path)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("os.Stat() failed with '%s'\n", err)
}
fmt.Printf("Wrote user struct to file '%s' of size %d.\n", path, st.Size())
}
func read(path string) {
user := User{}
file, err := os.Open(path)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("os.Open('%s') failed with '%s'\n", path, err)
}
defer file.Close()
decoder := gob.NewDecoder(file)
err = decoder.Decode(&user)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("decoder.Decode() failed with '%s'\n", err)
}
fmt.Printf("\nRead from '%s' user:\n%#v\n", path, user)
}
func main() {
user := User{
Username: "Angus",
Password: "1234",
}
path := "user.gob"
write(path, &user)
read(path)
}
Wrote user struct to file 'user.gob' of size 62.
Read from 'user.gob' user:
main.User{Username:"Angus", Password:"1234"}
编码接口
package main
import (
"encoding/gob"
"fmt"
"os"
)
type User struct {
Username string
Password string
}
type Admin struct {
Username string
Password string
IsAdmin bool
}
type Deleter interface {
Delete()
}
func (u User) Delete() {
fmt.Println("User ==> Delete()")
}
func (a Admin) Delete() {
fmt.Println("Admin ==> Delete()")
}
func main() {
user := User{
"zola",
"supersecretpassword",
}
admin := Admin{
"john",
"supersecretpassword",
true,
}
file, _ := os.Create("user.gob")
adminFile, _ := os.Create("admin.gob")
defer file.Close()
defer adminFile.Close()
gob.Register(User{}) // registering the type allows us to encode it
gob.Register(Admin{}) // registering the type allows us to encode it
encoder := gob.NewEncoder(file)
adminEncoder := gob.NewEncoder(adminFile)
InterfaceEncode(encoder, user)
InterfaceEncode(adminEncoder, admin)
}
func InterfaceEncode(encoder *gob.Encoder, d Deleter) {
if err := encoder.Encode(&d); err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
}
}
解码接口
package main
import (
"encoding/gob"
"fmt"
"log"
"os"
)
type User struct {
Username string
Password string
}
type Admin struct {
Username string
Password string
IsAdmin bool
}
type Deleter interface {
Delete()
}
func (u User) Delete() {
fmt.Println("User ==> Delete()")
}
func (a Admin) Delete() {
fmt.Println("Admin ==> Delete()")
}
func main() {
file, _ := os.Open("user.gob")
adminFile, _ := os.Open("admin.gob")
defer file.Close()
defer adminFile.Close()
gob.Register(User{}) // registering the type allows us to encode it
gob.Register(Admin{}) // registering the type allows us to encode it
var admin Deleter
var user Deleter
userDecoder := gob.NewDecoder(file)
adminDecoder := gob.NewDecoder(adminFile)
user = InterfaceDecode(userDecoder)
admin = InterfaceDecode(adminDecoder)
fmt.Println(user)
fmt.Println(admin)
}
func InterfaceDecode(decoder *gob.Decoder) Deleter {
var d Deleter
if err := decoder.Decode(&d); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
return d
}
