1 配置单元测试环境及简单使用

• 引入依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

• 配置相关注解

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) //底层⽤junit SpringJUnit4ClassRunner
@SpringBootTest(classes={Springbootdemo2Application.class})//启动整个springboot⼯程
class Springbootdemo2ApplicationTests {

• 常⽤单元测试的注解

    @Before
    void before() {
        System.out.println("Before...");
    }

    @Test
    void test1() {
        System.out.println("test1...");
    }

    @After
    void after() {
        System.out.println("After...");
    }

• 断⾔:判断程序结果是否符合预期

    @Test
    void test1() {
        TestCase.assertEquals(0, 1);
        System.out.println("test1...");
    }

    @Test
    void test2() {
        TestCase.assertEquals(0, 0);
        System.out.println("test2...");
    }

2 Controller-Service层接⼝测试

2.1 Controller层登录⽅法测试

• 注入controller

class Springbootdemo2ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private UserController userController;
...

• 编写测试方法

    @Test
    void loginTest() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("jackyan");
        user.setPassword("123456");

        RetData retData = userController.login(user);

        System.out.println(retData.toString());

        TestCase.assertEquals(0, retData.getCode());
    }

• 测试结果

2.2 视频列表Service层单元测试

• 注入service

    @Autowired
    private VideoService videoService;

• 编写测试方法

    @Test
    void videoListTest() {
        List<Video> videoList = videoService.listVideo();

        TestCase.assertTrue(videoList.size()>0);
    }

• 测试结果：测试通过

3 MockMvc调用controller层API

使用MockMvc测试controller层对外提供的接口

3.1 使用方法

• 增加类注解 @AutoConfigureMockMvc
• 注⼊⼀个MockMvc类

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

• 相关API
  perform执⾏⼀个RequestBuilder请求
  andExpect：添加ResultMatcher->MockMvcResultMatchers验证规则
  andReturn：最后返回相应的MvcResult->Response
• 示例：VideoController 视频列表接⼝单元测试

@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) //底层⽤junit SpringJUnit4ClassRunner
@SpringBootTest(classes={Springbootdemo2Application.class})//启动整个springboot⼯程
class Springbootdemo2ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    void before() {
        System.out.println("Before...");
    }

    /**
     * 测试对外接口
     */
    @Test
    void testVideoListApi() throws Exception {
        MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/app/v1/video/list"))
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()).andReturn();

        int status = mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus();
        System.out.println(status);

        String contentAsString = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
        System.out.println(contentAsString);
    }

    @After
    void after() {
        System.out.println("After...");
    }
}

• 测试结果：正常获取数据

200
{"code":0,"data":[{"id":1,"title":"东邪西毒","summary":null,"price":null,"cover_img":null,"create_time":"2022-01-28 02:12:25","chapter_list":null},{"id":2,"title":"精武英雄","summary":null,"price":null,"cover_img":null,"create_time":"2022-01-28 02:12:25","chapter_list":null},{"id":3,"title":"霸王别姬","summary":null,"price":null,"cover_img":null,"create_time":"2022-01-28 02:12:25","chapter_list":null},{"id":4,"title":"南极大冒险","summary":null,"price":null,"cover_img":null,"create_time":"2022-01-28 02:12:25","chapter_list":null},{"id":5,"title":"变形金刚","summary":null,"price":null,"cover_img":null,"create_time":"2022-01-28 02:12:25","chapter_list":null},{"id":6,"title":"流浪地球","summary":null,"price":null,"cover_img":null,"create_time":"2022-01-28 02:12:25","chapter_list":null}],"message":"success"}