A Call to Arms

Since the dawn of technology, humanity has lived with both its benefits and burdens.
从技术诞生之日起，人类生活在它的双刃刀之间。

The fire that cooks our food also burns our hands;
用火烹饪我们的食物也是烫伤我们的双手

the mills and factories that produce our clothes often pollute our water and air;
磨坊和工厂生产我们的衣服常常污染我们的水和空气

the computers that process our data sometimes crash and send our mission-critical records into oblivion.
计算机 处理我们的数据，也时而因为程序崩溃导致我们重要的文件化为乌有

From the Agricultural to the Industrial to the Information Revolution, humanity has enjoyed great advantages from technology, but we have suffered the consequences of flawed thinking regarding its use, resulting in wasteful consumption of our world’s resources, problems for our environment, and social disruption.
从农业到工业到信息革命，人类享受技术带来的好处，但同时也一直饱受因脑残地使用技术而导致 浪费我们的资源，环境问题，社会动荡

Humanity enters the new millennium struggling with the challenges we’ve created for ourselves in areas from energy to infrastructure, transportation to healthcare, and manufacturing to agriculture.
人类进入新千年被我们创造的种种产物所困扰，从基础设施到能源，交通到医疗，制造业到农业

To address these challenges, we will no doubt turn once again to technology: in the coming century, we’ll be able to hack our DNA, embed computers in our bodies, and print replacement organs.
在这些挑战面前，我们再次毫不迟疑求助技术：我们能够截取自己的DNA，在我们的身体嵌入计算机，打印出器官。

The question is, what will we do when we find ourselves with the capability to do just about anything we can dream of?
那问题是，如果我们发现自己任何事都心想事成时，我们将会做些什么？

To explore that question—at least from a design perspective—let’s consider the implications of four significant emerging technologies whose growth, maturation, and widespread commercial adoption has the potential to disrupt the current economic order:
探索这些问题，至少通过设计来角度，让我们考虑一下4个重大的新型技术的发展，成熟和广泛的商业应用的意义，它们有扰乱目前秩序的潜力：

• A networked, intelligent world connected by the Internet of Things (IoT)
  通过物联网连接的网络化智慧地球

• More efficient and effective manufacturing, healthcare, and disaster relief aided by advanced robotics
  通过高级机器人辅助 更高兴的制造，健康医疗，灾难救援

• Custom, just-in-time manufacturing, driven by additive fabrication/3D printing
  通过3D打印驱动 可定制的即时制造

• Medicine, food, and fuel created by altering the code of life itself, through genomics and synthetic biology
  通过基因 和 合成生物技术改变自身生命密码而创造出药物，食物和燃料

Through the lens of these disruptive technologies, we’ll look at what designing products, services, and experiences for people might require and examine some of the high-level user experience (UX) tenets practitioners might consider when approaching the design for such new fields.
透过这些破坏性技术，我们将审视什么样的产品，服务和体验是可能被人们所的需求，同时也审视当我们将设计应用于这些新领域时的一些上层体验设计理念。

Today, we’re on the cusp of a significant technological period, not unlike the Second Industrial Revolution that occurred in America from the end of the Civil War until World War I, when major discoveries and inventions completely transformed the economic, social, and political fabric of the United States.
今天，我们正处于重大技术风口浪尖上，与美国内战后期到第一次世界大战的第二次工业革命很相似，那时候重大发现和发明完全改变了经济，社会和政治结构

During this particularly prolific era, inventors, innovators, and scientists such as Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and Nikola Tesla introduced the world to technologies that would define modern life in the twentieth century.
在那个多产的时代，发明家、改革者和科学家们，如Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and Nikola Tesla 引导世界的技术，定义了20世纪的现代生活

These included the light bulb, the telephone, and the mass-produced automobile, among many others.
这些包括了电灯、电话、批量生产的汽车，是那个时代的众多技术一部分

The light bulb and basic electrical service provided the cornerstones of the electric age, while the telephone started a communication revolution, and the automobile began an era of personal transportation that would alter the landscape of America itself.
电灯泡和基础电力服务提供了电时代的基础，电话开启了通信革命，汽车开启了个人交通的时代，改变了美国的风貌

Historically, this period provides a powerful example of the systemic disruption that occurs when multiple technological innovations emerge, mature, and reach popular adoption along roughly the same timeline.
从历史上看，这时期是多项技术在同一时间段内涌现，成熟以及被广泛接受是将发生系统性变革的一个强有力的证明

Just as the inventions of the Second Industrial Revolution transformed the United States on almost every level, robotics, additive fabrication, the IoT, and synthetic biology similarly have the potential to define and shape our next era.
正如第二次工业革命那样改变美国的几乎改变了方方面面，机器人制造、物联网和合成生物定义和塑造下一个时代

As these technologies evolve, they will influence humanity’s progress as a species, making the tumult of our current Information Revolution look like a minor blip by comparison.
在这些技术演化，它们会影响人类的物种进程，想比它们所带来的冲击，我们现在的信息革命看上去显得微不足道

Although the miracles of our age are many, computers, the Internet, and mobile devices primarily serve to accelerate human communication, collaboration, and commerce.
尽管我们这个时代的奇迹很多，电脑、互联网和移动设备，起到了加快人类的交流、合作和贸易

Without dismissing their importance, we observe that many existing models of interaction have been enhanced, rather than transformed, by moving from the physical to the digital realm—becoming cheaper, faster and, perhaps, better in the process.
不能否认这些技术重要性，但通过物理领域到数字领域，我们发现许多已有的交互方式只是被优化了，变得更便宜、更便捷、过程也可能变得更好了，但并不是被改变了。

Email is an accelerated version of the postal service, e-commerce, a more convenient and efficient version of the brick-and-mortar store, and so on.
Email 只是加强版的邮政服务，电子商务更多是加强版的实体店，而已

Conversely, in technologies such as synthetic biology and additive fabrication, we can see the potential to remake our current order in substantial fashion, with the formation of entirely new industries and the birth of new markets.
相反的，例如合成生物和 机器制造 这样的技术，我们可以看到现有稳固交互方式 重构的潜能，拥有新产业完整的结构和产生新的市场

A May 2013 McKinsey Global Institute report titled “Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy,”
一份麦肯锡全球研究院在2013年5月发布的题为“破坏技术：改变我们的生活、公司和全球经济”的报告

identifies the global markets ready for disruption and describes the potential economic value of this transformation.
指出全球市场已经为此次颠覆做好了准备，并描述了变革带来的潜在价值

Genomics has the potential to alter the 1.1 trillion agriculture industries through products such as personalized medicines and genetically modified foods.
基因组技术通过个性化治疗和改造食物这样的产品，有潜力改变6万5千亿美元的健康医疗和1万1千亿美元的农业

Additive fabrication/3D printing and advanced robotics will upend the global manufacturing industry—affecting the 11 trillion in global manufacturing GDP, respectively.
增材制造技术 / 3D打印技术 和 先进机器人会颠覆全球制造业 ，会分别影响6万亿美元人力支出和11万亿美元的全球制造业GDP。

And, the IoT will disrupt the manufacturing, healthcare, and mining industries to the tune of $36 trillion.
另外，物联网会颠覆36万亿的制造业、健康医疗和采矿业