It usually takes me more than three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech.

                                                                        ——Mark Twain

奥斯卡最佳影片《国王的演讲》里的乔治六世患有口吃，根本无法参加各种公共场合的演讲和致辞。经过很长一段时间的艰苦治疗，乔治六世不仅治好了口吃，并在二战期间成功地发表了一次著名的战士演说，极大地鼓舞了全英军民的士气。

King's Speech

成为一名优秀的演讲者并不需要多大的天赋，正确的方法+丰富的练习就足够让一个人从胆怯退缩华丽转身，变得坚定且自信。

本期文章，美国金牌辩论教练Phillpe Weistein将和大家分享如何通过专业的训练成为一名合格甚至优秀的演讲者。

Phillip Weinstein

两夺议会制辩论纽约州冠军

多次入围大学辩论联赛决赛

美国辩论联赛议会制辩论全美第四名

Big Bronx Invitational Round Robin 大布朗克斯名人邀请赛 第四名

(以下为纯英文，共906个单词）

To readers:

There are several key ways to give a great presentation. First and foremost, a good presentation is always focused on the organization and delivery skills that the speaker has developed over time. The organization of a speech should center around a given topic and the speaker must make a persuasive speech to tell the audience why this topic (or problem/issue) is important. 

Your speech must identify a given topic (existence, magnitude/scope, urgency) and then present a feasible solution to this topic or further educate the audience about this specific area you have researched. The topic for the presentation must be something the audience not only wants to hear, but will leave the presentation knowing more about than they already know. 

Barack Obama

How To Prepare For A Presentation?

1.This is a persuasive presentation. Your goal is to present a problem needs to be solved and to then propose a solution (policy, action) that will solve it or to better educate an individual on a certain topic area.

2.Research is required.Even though a presentation represents your personal opinion, you will need to integrate and cite a minimum of several unbiased, varied, and credible sources into your speech to demonstrate your research and support your claims so people can trust the credibility of the presentation. Researched presentations with evidence from experts not only enhance the presentation but it also makes it more likely that people will believe what the speaker (you) is saying

3.Presentation aids can be a useful tool. Your presentation aids should enhance your presentation by clarifying your points and adding an emotional appeal. These can include pictures or items relating to the topic being discussed

4.Organization is important. Your speech should make logical sense, using a problem/solution or problem/cause/solution organizational pattern. This way the presentation is much easier to follow for the audience

5.Target a specific time for your speech. Speeches that run longer than expected often happen when the speaker is rambling. It is key for a good presentation speech to be rehearsed so that the speech time is specific and the speaker is able to know how long each part of the presentation is ahead of time.

6.Include counterarguments.Refutation of at least two counterarguments in your speech is important as it strengthens your position. This shows that the speaker has put in thought on what types of arguments or opinions can be brought up by an opposing side. Explaining why those counterarguments are incorrect or not topical to the presentation is an important way the presenter shows their ethos and expertise in the area they are discussing, as well as shows that they have put thought into looking at all sides of the issue.

7.A feasible solution should be developed. A solution to the problem presented or giving necessary next steps to a topic is vital. It is always important to ask so what? After a presentation, what was the point that the speaker was trying to get across? Did they do a good job? If that is the case, then what can be done about the issue? Actionable next steps are an important way to get the audience to understand how this can be taken to the next level.

How To Present?

Now that the organization of the presentation is in order, it is important to focus on the actual delivery. Delivery is key to any presentation, as no matter how educated a speaker is on a topic area, if they are unable to break down what is being discussed into something easily understood by the audience in a fun and animated way, then it will most likely not be a good presentation.

No one enjoys listening to a dull speaker, especially one that does not take time to make the presentation engaging or enjoyable for an audience. A great speaker can speak for an hour and have an extremely engaged audience while a dull speaker can speak for less time and have everyone either confused or not focused on the personation

Bill Clinton

1. Dress professionally. Dressing up will enhance your credibility and will show that you pin that extra effort of care.

2. Extemporaneous delivery is expected.It is important in persuasion to use a natural delivery style that adapts and relates to your audience. Reading from scripted note cards or reciting a memorized speech detracts from your persuasive appeal. No one wants to have someone read from a screen, anyone can do that. It is always better to speak extemporaneously based on several outlined topics that you, the speaker, want to cover, as it shows the strong grasp of knowledge you have for what is being discussed

3. Effective non-verbals are emphasized in this speech. You should practice in front of a mirror and use appropriate gestures & facial expressions to highlight your speech. Plenty of great hand motions can be used to help emphasize certain points.

4. Different vocals are important in persuasion.A persuasive appeal should include vocal variety to demonstrate the importance of your topic and keep your audience's interest. No one wants someone talking at the same pitch the whole time!

5. Be memorable.The topic you chose is something you should be interested in. Make sure that passion for the topic area is shown through your speech by being memorable, engaging and easy to follow for your audience.

6. Practice, Practice, Practice! Self-explanatory. Every great speaker practices!

-END-