1.数据准备
PUT /lib3
{
"settings":{
"number_of_shards" : 3,
"number_of_replicas" : 0
},
"mappings":{
"user":{
"properties":{
"name": {"type":"text"},
"address": {"type":"text"},
"age": {"type":"integer"},
"interests": {"type":"text"},
"birthday": {"type":"date"}
}
}
}
}
PUT /lib3/user/1
{
"name":"zhaoliu",
"address":"hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
"age":50,
"birthday":"1970-12-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
PUT /lib3/user/2
{
"name":"zhaoming",
"address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":20,
"birthday":"1998-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
PUT /lib3/user/3
{
"name":"lisi",
"address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":27,
"birthday":"1991-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
PUT /lib3/user/4
{
"name":"wangwu",
"address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":26,
"birthday":"1992-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan biancheng,tingyinyue,lvyou"
}
PUT /lib3/user/5
{
"name":"zhangsan",
"address":"bei jing chao yang qu",
"age":29,
"birthday":"1989-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu"
}
GET /lib3/user/_search?q=name:lisi
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
#max_score:和当前搜索相关度的匹配分数
"max_score": 0.6931472,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib3",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 0.6931472,
"_source": {
"name": "lisi",
"address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 27,
"birthday": "1991-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
}
]
}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search?q=interests:changge&sort=age:desc
{
"took": 6,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 3,
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib3",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "5",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"name": "zhangsan",
"address": "bei jing chao yang qu",
"age": 29,
"birthday": "1989-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu"
},
"sort": [
29
]
},
{
"_index": "lib3",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "3",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"name": "lisi",
"address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 27,
"birthday": "1991-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
},
"sort": [
27
]
},
{
"_index": "lib3",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "2",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoming",
"address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 20,
"birthday": "1998-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
},
"sort": [
20
]
}
]
}
}
2.term查询和terms查询
term query会去倒排索引中寻找确切的term,它并不知道分词器的存在,这种查询适合keyword、numeric、date
term:查询某个字段里含有某个关键词的文档
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"term":{"interests":"changge"}}
}
terms:查询某个字段里含有多个关键词的文档
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"terms":{"interests":["hejiu","changge"]}}
}
3.控制查询返回的数量
from:从哪一个文档开始
size:需要的个数
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"from":0,
"size":2,
"query":{"terms":"interests":["hejiu",changge]}
}
4.返回版本号
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"version":true,
"query":{"terms":{"interests":["hejiu","changge"]}}
}
5.match查询
match query知道分词器的存在,会对field进行分词操作,然后再查询
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"match":{"name":"zhaoliu,zhaoming"}}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"match":{"age":"20"}}
}
match_all:查询所有文档
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"match_all":{}}
}
multi_match:可以指定多个字段
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"multi_match":{"query":"lvyou","field":["interests","name"]}}
}
match_phrase:短语匹配查询
ElasticSearch引擎首先分析(analyze)查询字符串,从分析后的文本中构建查询短语查询,这意味着必须匹配短语中的所有分词,并且保证个分词的相对位置不变:
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"interests": "duanlian,shuoxiangsheng"
}
}
}
6.指定返回的字段
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"_source": ["name","address"],
"query": {
"match": {
"interests": "changge"
}
}
}
7.控制加载的字段
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"_source": {
"includes": ["name","address"],
"excludes": ["age","birthday"]
}
}
8.排序
使用sort实现排序:desc:降序,asc:升序
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "asc"
}
}
]
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
9.前缀匹配查询
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {"match_phrase_prefix": {
"name": {"query": "zhao"}
}}
}
10.范围查找
range:实现范围查询
参数:from,to,include_lower,include_upper,boost
include_lower:是否包含范围的左边界,默认是true
include_upper:是否包含范围的右边界,默认是true
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"birthday": {
"from": "1990-10-10",
"to": "2018-12-27"
}
}
}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"age": {
"from": 20,
"to": 25,
"include_lower":true,
"include_upper":false
}
}
}
}
11.wildcard查询
允许使用通配符*和?来进行查询
*代表0个或多个字符
?代表任意一个字符
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {"wildcard": {
"name": {
"value": "zhao*"
}
}}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"wildcard": {
"name": {
"value": "li?i"
}
}
}
}
12.fuzzy实现模糊查询
value:查询的关键字
boost:查询的权值,默认值是1.0
min_similarity:设置匹配的最小相似度,默认值为0.5,对于字符串,取值为0-1(包括0和1);对于数值,取值可能大于1;对于日期型取值为1d,1m等,1d就代表1天
prefix_length:指明区分分词项的共同前缀长度,默认是0
max_expansions:查询中的词项可以扩展的数目,默认可以无限大
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"fuzzy": {"interests": "chagge"}
}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"fuzzy": {"interests": {"value": "chagge"}}
}
}
13.高亮搜索结果
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"interests": "changge"
}
},
"highlight": {"fields": {"interests": {}}}
}
