The mushroom man

Antonio Carluccio died on November 8th

The ambassador for real Italian food was 80

ambassador

an official who lives in a foreign country as the senior representative there of his or her own country 大使；使节

the British Ambassador to Italy/in Rome

英国驻意大利 / 罗马大使

a former ambassador to the UN

前任驻联合国大使

(figurative)The best ambassadors for the sport are the players.

这种运动最好的大使就是运动员。

WHEN Antonio Carluccio arrived in Britain in 1975, nervous and tongue-tied, he found Italian food restricted mostly to London’s Soho. There a few trattorie made their own pasta, and knew that olive oil was not merely forunblocking ears. At Lina Stores he could buy olives,panforteand dry spaghetti. Otherwise and elsewhere, what he called “Britalian” foodheld sway: ragù that was just flavoured mince, avocado served with a gloop made of ketchup and mayonnaise and, to finish, oranges in a sickly syrup masquerading as caramelata. All very depressing.

trattoria

(from Italian) an Italian restaurant serving simple food 意大利餐馆（或便餐店）

hold away

统治，支配

mine

(North American English also grind) [动词 + 名词短语] to cut food, especially meat, into very small pieces using a special machine (= called a mincer ) 用绞肉机绞（食物，尤指肉）

minced beef  绞碎的牛肉

[动词 + 副词或介词短语](disapproving) to walk with quick short steps, in a way that is not natural 装腔作势地小步快走

He minced over to serve us.

他迈着碎步过来招待我们。

【名词】

(British English) (US ground beef, hamburger, hamburger meat) [不可数名词] meat, especially beef, that has been finely chopped in a special machine 绞碎的肉，肉末（尤指牛肉）

a pound of mince  一磅碎肉

gloop

[不可数名词](informal) a thick wet substance that looks, tastes or feels unpleasant 难看（或味道差、感觉不舒服）的半流体物质；黏稠物

ketchup

[不可数名词] a thick cold sauce made from tomatoes, usually sold in bottles 番茄酱

mayonnaise

[不可数名词] a thick cold white sauce made from eggs, oil and vinegar , used to add flavour to sandwiches , salads, etc. 蛋黄酱（用作三明治、色拉等的调味品）

egg mayonnaise (= a dish made with hard-boiled eggs and mayonnaise )

鸡蛋美奶滋（有煮老的鸡蛋和蛋黄酱）

Three decades later, when Carluccio’s was listed on the stock exchange and he and his then-wife, Priscilla Conran, had sold their stake for around £10m, his name was on the dark blue blinds of 130 outlets across the land. His 23 books and multiple TV series had made his curly white cap of hair and ample girth synonymous with real Italian food, the sort that made you sigh and cry “Fantastic!”, like him, when you tasted it. In Carluccio’s Caffès, Britons could not only eat in proper Italian style but could also buy chilli oil, fennel salami, wild-boar sauce, squid-ink linguine. Though many chefs, writers and restaurateurs helped promote the cause in Britain, his name was in the vanguard.

outlet

~ (for sth)

a way of expressing or making good use of strong feelings, ideas or energy （感情、思想、精力发泄的）出路；表现机会

She needed to find an outlet for her many talents and interests.

她的多才多艺、兴趣广泛需要找个施展的机会。

Sport became the perfect outlet for his aggression.

运动成为他攻击性心理的最佳出路。

(business 商) a shop/store or an organization that sells goods made by a particular company or of a particular type 专营店；经销店

The business has 34 retail outlets in this state alone.

那家商号仅在本州就有34个零售店。

(especially North American English) a shop/store that sells goods of a particular make at reduced prices 折扣品经销店

the Nike outlet in the outlet mall

折扣品商场里的耐克折扣店

a pipe or hole through which liquid or gas can flow out 出口；排放管

a sewage outlet  污水排放口

an outlet pipe  排水管道

ample

enough or more than enough 足够的；丰裕的

plenty of

ample opportunity/evidence/space/proof

充分的机会；足够的证据；宽敞的空间；充足的证明

There was ample time to get to the airport.

有足够的时间到达机场。

Ample free parking is available.

有宽敞的免费停车场。

(of a person's figure 人的体形) large, often in an attractive way 丰满的；硕大的

an ample bosom

丰满的胸脯

girth

[不可数名词, 可数名词] the measurement around sth, especially a person's waist 围长；干围；腰围

a man of enormous girth

腰围很粗的男人

a tree one metre in girth/with a girth of one metre

干围一米的树

[可数名词] a narrow piece of leather or cloth that is fastened around the middle of a horse to keep the seat, (called a saddle ), or a load in place （固定马鞍或驮载的）肚带，腹带

synonymous

(of words or expressions 词语) having the same, or nearly the same, meaning 同义的

~ (with sth) so closely connected with sth that the two things appear to be the same 等同于…的

Wealth is not necessarily synonymous with happiness.

财富未必等同于幸福。

sort

[可数名词] a group or type of people or things that are similar in a particular way 种类；类别；品种

(informal)There were snacks─peanuts, olives, that sort of thing .

有各种小吃——花生米、橄榄什么的。

(informal)There are all sorts of activities (= many different ones) for kids at the campsite.

在营地有为孩子们组织的各种各样的活动。

(informal) What sort of price did you want to pay? (= approximately how much)

你想出什么样的价？

(informal) What sort of time do you call this? (= I'm very angry that you have come so late.)

你看看这都什么时候了？

‘ What sort of music do you like? ’ ‘Oh, all sorts . ’

“你喜欢哪一类音乐？”“噢，哪一类都喜欢。”

This sort of problem is quite common./These sorts of problems are quite common.

这类问题相当普遍。 / 这几类问题相当普遍。

He's the sort of person who only cares about money.

他这种人一心只想着钱。

For dessert there's a fruit pie of some sort (= you are not sure what kind) .

甜点是一种水果派。

Most people went on training courses of one sort or another (= of various types) last year.

多数人去年都上过这样那样的培训班。

[可数名词, 常用单数形式](informal,especially British English) a particular type of person 某一种（或某一类）人

My brother would never cheat on his wife; he's not that sort.

我哥哥永远不会背着妻子在外面拈花惹草，他不是那种人。

(computing 计)[单数] the process of putting data in a particular order 分类；排序

to do a sort  进行分类

[动词 + 名词短语]

~ sth (into sth) to arrange things in groups or in a particular order according to their type, etc.; to separate things of one type from others 整理；把…分类

sorting the mail  分理信件

The computer sorts the words into alphabetical order.

计算机按字母顺序排列这些单词。

Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted into plastics, glass and paper.

垃圾很容易分开并归入塑料、玻璃和纸三类。

[常用被动态](informal,especially British English) to deal with a problem successfully or organize sth/sb properly 妥善处理；安排妥当

Don't worry. We'll soon have this sorted.

不用担心，我们马上找人把这弄好。

It's our problem. We'll get it sorted .

这是我们的问题。我们来处理。

It's all sorted.

一切都办妥了。

It's time you got yourself sorted .

现在你该把自己的事好好安排一下了。

vanguard

(usually the vanguard) [单数]

the leaders of a movement in society, for example in politics, art, industry, etc. （政治、艺术、工业等社会活动的）领导者，先锋，先驱者

The company is proud to be in the vanguard of scientific progress.

这家公司以处于科学发展的领先地位而自豪。

the part of an army, etc. that is at the front when moving forward to attack the enemy 先头部队；前卫；尖兵

This looked like success to most people. It was Priscilla, though, who built up the Carluccio brand, after 1999, on the basis of his single restaurant in Neal Street in Covent Garden. She was the business brain; he was the front man, happy to do nothing but seek out perfect foods. And his notion of success was very different. It meant,after a slow stroll with his dog through bare woods on a misty November morning, uncovering a mushroom from the leaf-litter, cutting it off, weighing and savouring it and placing it, with reverence, in his basket.This “quiet hunt” had beenhis passionsince the age of seven, and walks with his father in the Val d’Aosta. For him the fun of living in England was not so much celebrity, as the fact that people knew almost nothing of fungi and were even afraid of them. The woods were full of untouched treasure: stout boletes, high-capped morels, oyster mushrooms, tiny yellow chanterelles. In Hyde Park he found a puffball as big as a football, right beside the path

savour

[动词 + 名词短语]

to enjoy the full taste or flavour of sth, especially by eating or drinking it slowly 品味；细品；享用

He ate his meal slowly, savouring every mouthful.

他细嚼慢咽地吃着饭，一口一口地品味。

to enjoy a feeling or an experience thoroughly 体会；体味；享受

I wanted to savour every moment.

我要细心品味，一刻也不错过。

[常用单数形式](formal,or literary) a taste or smell, especially a pleasant one （尤指美好的）味道，气味，滋味

(figurative)For Emma, life had lost its savour.

对埃玛来说，生活已失去乐趣。

reverence

[不可数名词] ~ (for sb/sth) (formal) a feeling of great respect or admiration for sb/sth 尊敬；崇敬

The poem conveys his deep reverence for nature.

这首诗表达了他对大自然的深深崇敬之情。

fugus

(pl. fungi |ˈfʌŋgi:; -gaɪ; ˈfʌndʒaɪ|)

[可数名词] any plant without leaves, flowers or green colouring, usually growing on other plants or on decaying matter. Mushrooms and mildew are both fungi . 真菌（如蘑菇和霉）

[不可数名词, 可数名词] a covering of mould or a similar fungus , for example on a plant or wall 霉；霉菌

fungus infections  霉菌感染

Mushrooming reminded him that what he most enjoyed was the feel of things. When he walked in the woods he would also seek out good straight sticks, hazel for preference, to whittle and slowly carve into properthumb-sticksfor uncovering fungi or simply leaning on, hands crossed, to survey the scene. When he wrote his books he would do so in pencil, crafting them. He was a countryman; though his father was a stationmaster, the family kept pigs and a goat, and grew vegetables whose fresh, intense flavour he never forgot. His mother made bread, preserves and sausages, and was his only cookery teacher. No chef’s dainty training for him. On television he manhandled slabs of speck and cheese like a true peasant, flicking aside with impatience the frilly paper caps on Carluccio’s sauces to get at the good stuff inside.

craft

[可数名词, 不可数名词] an activity involving a special skill at making things with your hands 手艺；工艺

traditional crafts like basket-weaving

像编篮子之类的传统工艺

a craft fair/workshop

手工艺品交易会 / 制作车间

Craft, Design and Technology (= a subject in some British schools)

工艺、设计与技术（英国某些学校中的科目）

[单数] all the skills needed for a particular activity 技巧；技能；技艺

chefs who learned their craft in top hotels

在高级饭店学过烹调技艺的厨师

the writer's craft  写作技巧

[不可数名词](formal,disapproving) skill in making people believe what you want them to believe 诡计；手腕；骗术

He knew how to win by craft and diplomacy what he could not gain by force.

他擅长于通过计谋和外交手腕赢得他用武力无法得到的东西。

[可数名词] (pl. craft)

a boat or ship 小船；船

Hundreds of small craft bobbed around the liner as it steamed into the harbour.

班轮驶进港口时，周围的许多小船颠簸起来。

a landing/pleasure craft

登陆 / 游艇

[可数名词] (pl. craft)

an aircraft or spacecraft 飞行器；飞机；航天器；宇宙飞船；航天飞机

[动词 + 名词短语][常用被动态] to make sth using special skills, especially with your hands （尤指用手工）精心制作

All the furniture is crafted from natural materials.

所有的家具均采用天然材料精心制作而成。

a carefully crafted speech

精心准备的讲话

preserve

[单数] ~ (of sb) an activity, a job, an interest, etc. that is thought to be suitable for one particular person or group of people （某人或群体活动、工作等的）专门领域

Football is no longer the preserve of men.

足球再也不是男人的专利了。

in the days when nursing was a female preserve

在护理工作为女性所专有的时代

[可数名词, 常用复数, 不可数名词] a type of jam made by boiling fruit with a large amount of sugar 果酱

[可数名词, 常用复数, 不可数名词](especially British English) a type of pickle made by cooking vegetables with salt or vinegar 腌菜；泡菜

[可数名词](North Amercian English) = reserve n. (2)

[可数名词] an area of private land or water where animals and fish are kept for people to hunt 私人渔猎场（或保留地）

cookery

[不可数名词] the art or activity of preparing and cooking food 烹饪术；烹饪；烹调

a cookery course

烹饪课程

Italian cookery

意大利烹饪

dainty

(daintier, daintiest)

(of people and things 人和物) small and delicate in a way that people find attractive 娇小的；娇美的；精致的；小巧的

dainty feet

娇小可爱的脚

a dainty porcelain cup

小巧玲珑的瓷杯

(of movements 举止) careful, often in a way that suggests good manners 文雅的；优雅的；高雅的

She took a dainty little bite of the apple.

她文雅地咬了一小口苹果。

peasant

(especially in the past, or in poorer countries) a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land （尤指昔日或贫穷国家的）农民，小农，佃农

peasant farmers

个体农民

(informal,disapproving) a person who is rude, behaves badly, or has little education 老粗；土包子；没教养的人

So when he took full charge of his restaurant in Neal Street in the late 1980s, his mission was mushrooms in all their glorious variety. Gradually, they crept into his menus: turbot with honey fungus, supreme of pheasant with truffles. (He would happily shave truffle over almost anything.) At first he had to pick every mushroom himself, dashing out between services to his secret places near enough to London; later he found Poles to help him. Boxes of the season’s delights would appear outside the restaurant and he would stand beside them, drawing on a fat cigar.

creep

(crept, crept |krept|)

[单独使用的动词, usually + 副词或介词短语]

(of people or animals 人或动物) to move slowly, quietly and carefully, because you do not want to be seen or heard 悄悄地缓慢行进；蹑手蹑脚地移动

I crept up the stairs, trying not to wake my parents.

为了尽量不吵醒父母，我蹑手蹑脚地上了楼。

(North Amercian English) to move with your body close to the ground; to move slowly on your hands and knees 匍匐；爬行

to move or develop very slowly 非常缓慢地行进；不知不觉产生；渐渐出现

Her arms crept around his neck.

她的双臂慢慢地搂住了他的脖子。

A slight feeling of suspicion crept over me.

我渐渐地产生了一丝疑虑。

(of plants 植物) to grow along the ground or up walls using long stems or roots 蔓生；蔓延

~ (to sb) (British English,informal,disapproving) to be too friendly or helpful to sb in authority in a way that is not sincere, especially in order to get an advantage from them 谄媚；巴结；拍马屁

truffle

n.  块菌; 松露

dash

A.GO QUICKLY 急冲

[单独使用的动词, usually + 副词或介词短语] to go somewhere very quickly 急奔；急驰；猛冲

I must dash (= leave quickly) , I'm late.

我得赶紧走，来不及了。

She dashed off to keep an appointment.

她急匆匆地赶去赴约。

He dashed along the platform and jumped on the train.

他沿站台猛跑，纵身跳上火车。

B.THROW/BEAT 投掷；击打

[+ 副词或介词短语] to throw sth or make sth fall violently onto a hard surface; to beat against a surface 猛掷；猛击；猛撞

[动词 + 名词短语]

The boat was dashed repeatedly against the rocks.

小船一次又一次撞在岩石上。

[单独使用的动词]

The waves were dashing against the harbour wall.

海浪撞击着港湾的坝堤。

He used fungi to teach British diners to be more daring generally: to eat a stew made of lamb pluck, for example. Mushrooms also showed that the best things were transitory, seasonal, and had to be eaten as fresh as possible. The same applied to fish and vegetables: pick them fresh, cook them simply but wonderfully, as farmers’ wives did. A dish of fried ceps

and potatoes was perfection, summing up his slogan mof mof: minimum of fuss, maximum of flavour. “Abundant wine to drink!” was all that needed adding.

transitory

(formal) continuing for only a short time 暂时的；片刻的；转瞬即逝的

fleeting, temporary

the transitory nature of his happiness

他的幸福昙花一现

fuss

[单独使用的动词]

~ (around) | ~ (with/over sth) to do things, or pay too much attention to things, that are not important or necessary 瞎忙一气；过分关心（枝节小事）

Stop fussing around and find something useful to do!

别瞎忙活了，找点有用的事干！

Don't fuss with your hair!

不要没完没了摆弄你的头发了！

~ (about sth) to worry about things that are not very important （为小事）烦恼，忧虑

Don't fuss, Mum, everything is all right.

别瞎操心了，妈妈，一切都好。

[不可数名词, 单数] unnecessary excitement, worry or activity 无谓的激动（或忧虑、活动）；大惊小怪

He does what he's told without any fuss.

他不声不响地按照吩咐办事。

All that fuss over a few pounds!

为几英镑就那么大惊小怪的！

It's a very ordinary movie─I don't know what all the fuss is about (= why other people think it is so good) .

这是部很普通的电影——我不懂为什么就轰动一时。

It was all a fuss about nothing .

这完全是无谓地自寻烦恼。

We'd like a quiet wedding without any fuss.

我们喜欢静静举行婚礼，不大事声张。

[单数] anger or complaints about sth, especially sth that is not important （为小事）大吵大闹，大发牢骚

I'm sorry for making such a fuss about the noise.

对不起，我为吵闹声发了这么大的牢骚。

Steve kicks up a fuss every time I even suggest seeing you.

每次只要我提议看望你，史蒂夫就大吵大闹。

Mushrooming gave him solace, too. His life, which seemed so jolly to outsiders, contained much sadness. The worst was the death by drowning, at 13, of his youngest brother Enrico. He could not begin to deal with the heaviness left in his heart except by foraging for wild things and painstakingly shaping them into something else. And he could not stay in his technician’s job or in Italy, though he had no idea where his future lay. He roamed Europe homesick for his mother’s cooking. His efforts to replicate it drew in many girls, but none gave him the family and children he wanted more than anything. His three marriages all foundered. He loved the buzz and challenge of running his restaurant, but it closed in 2007 when developers moved into Neal Street. Behind the jovial smile, he attempted suicide several times.

solace

[不可数名词, 单数](formal) a feeling of emotional comfort when you are sad or disappointed; a person or thing that makes you feel better or happier when you are sad or disappointed 安慰；慰藉；给以安慰的人（或事物）

comfort

He sought solace in the whisky bottle.

他借酒浇愁。

She turned to Rob for solace.

她到罗布那儿寻求慰藉。

His grandchildren were a solace in his old age.

他晚年从孙儿们身上得到安慰。

forage

[不可数名词, 单数](formal) a feeling of emotional comfort when you are sad or disappointed; a person or thing that makes you feel better or happier when you are sad or disappointed 安慰；慰藉；给以安慰的人（或事物）

He sought solace in the whisky bottle.

他借酒浇愁。

She turned to Rob for solace.

她到罗布那儿寻求慰藉。

His grandchildren were a solace in his old age.

他晚年从孙儿们身上得到安慰。

[不可数名词] food for horses and cows （牛马的）饲料

forage crops/grass

饲料作物；饲草

painstaking

[常用于名词前] needing a lot of care, effort and attention to detail 需细心的；辛苦的；需专注的

painstaking research

细心的研究

The event had been planned with painstaking attention to detail.

这次活动的细节是经过精心计划的。

roam

to walk or travel around an area without any definite aim or direction 徜徉；闲逛；漫步

[单独使用的动词, often + 副词或介词短语]

The sheep are allowed to roam freely on this land.

绵羊可以在这片地上自由走动。

[动词 + 名词短语]

to roam the countryside/the streets, etc.

在乡间漫步、逛街等

~ (over) sth/sb (of the eyes or hands 眼睛或手) to move slowly over every part of sb/sth （缓慢地）扫遍，摸遍

[单独使用的动词]

His gaze roamed over her.

他聚精会神地上下打量她。

founder

[单独使用的动词] ~ (on sth) (formal)

(of a plan, etc. 计划等) to fail because of a particular problem or difficulty 失败；破产

The peace talks foundered on a basic lack of trust.

由于缺乏基本信任，和平谈判搁浅。

(of a ship 船) to fill with water and sink 沉没

Our boat foundered on a reef.

我们的船触礁沉没。

jovial

very cheerful and friendly 快乐的；愉快的；友好的

The real problem, he knew, was that Carluccio the brand had come to obscure the man. The glossy stores were too far removed from handling and making things. They were too far from the woods and the joys of gathering, but that was the life that was true to him. The motto he chose was in natura veritas. In Nature lay his truth.

他明白，真正的问题在于，Carluccio品牌开始让他自己迷失了——连锁餐厅的光鲜使他远离了亲自做菜的厨房一线，远离了梦想中的雾霭树林，也远离了采摘蘑菇的乐趣。但对他来说，那些远离的才是真实的生活。 他的人生箴言是自然真理。他的真理存于自然当中。

obscure

not well known 无名的；鲜为人知的

an obscure German poet

一个名不见经传的德国诗人

He was born around 1650 but his origins remain obscure.

他生于1650年前后，但身世不详。

difficult to understand 费解的；难以理解的

I found her lecture very obscure.

我觉得她的讲座非常费解。

For some obscure reason , he failed to turn up.

他莫名其妙地没有如期露面。

[动词 + 名词短语] to make it difficult to see, hear or understand sth 使模糊；使隐晦；使费解

The view was obscured by fog.

雾中景色朦胧。

We mustn't let these minor details obscure the main issue.

我们不能让枝节问题掩盖主要问题。、

glossy

(glossier, glossiest)

smooth and shiny 光滑的；光彩夺目的；有光泽的

glossy hair  光亮的头发

a glossy brochure/magazine (= printed on shiny paper)

用亮光纸印刷的小册子 / 杂志

giving an appearance of being important and expensive 浮华的；虚有其表的；虚饰的

the glossy world of fashion

浮华的时装界

motto

a short sentence or phrase that expresses the aims and beliefs of a person, a group, an institution, etc. and is used as a rule of behaviour 座右铭；格言；箴言

The school's motto is: ‘Duty, Honour, Country ’.

这所学校的校训是：“责任、荣誉、国家”。

‘Live and let live. ’ That's my motto.

“待人宽如待己。”这就是我的座右铭。

veritas

n.  <拉>真理，真实，真相;