总论点：

Think carefully about what characterizes good performance and try to come up with ways to measure that. Then look for those people who score highest in the areas you believe are key to superior performance.

The ideal is to find objective, reproducible measures that consistently distinguish the best from the rest, and if that ideal is not possible, approximate it as well as you can.

分：

1. If you’re in a field where deliberate practice is an option, you should take that option. If not, apply the principles of deliberate practice as much as possible.

2.The field should involves well-accepted standards for performance and clear expectations for what expert performers do.

3.Subjective judgments are inherently vulnerable to all sorts of biases.

4.The better you are able to tailor your training to mirror the best performers in your field, the more effective your training is likely to be.

5.“The ten-thousand-hour rule” is nothing more than a catchy phrase which involves a nice round number. And it satisfies the human desire to discover a simple cause-and-effect relationship, which dosen't hold water if we take a closer look.

But a closer look at the data reveals a more complex picture.

感悟：初中老师经常说，fake it till you make it .如果你在山脚下想要上山，就要时常仰望站在最高处的人，拜他们为师，做他们的影子。既然都是挨鞭子，当然要疼对地方。

老朋友：

1. And, either way, at eighteen or twenty, these students were nowhere near masters of the violin.

2. It was common for a judge to give scores that varied by plus or minus four points

注意介词by 上下浮动

Thus,while digit-memory training isn’t deliberate practice in its strictest sense,it captures the most important element—learning from the best predecessors—and that has proved enough to generate rapid improvements in the field.

仿写：Thus, while the movements aren't Kung fu in its strictest sense, it captures the most important element—Taoist concept of wu wei— where both wisdom and emotions are in harmony with each other.

熟词进阶：

Still there are often clear ideas about which individuals are among the best, the middle, or the weakest part of the group.

Among

1. in or through the middle of a group of people or things:

·The girl quickly disappeared among the crowd.

·I could hear voices coming from somewhere among the bushes.

·We walked among the chestnut woods on the mountain slopes.

·She began rummaging among the books on her desk.

2. with a particular group of people:

Jim relaxed, knowing he was among friends.

3. used to say that many people in a group have the same feeling or opinion, or that something affects many people in a group:

注意：among+n. 作为介词短语表示某opinion,event,concern...在特定人群中发生

·The problem is causing widespread concern among scientists.

·The general opinion among police officers was that the law should be tightened.

·The changes will mean 7,000 job losses among railway workers.

4. used to talk about a particular person, thing, or group as belonging to a larger group:

·She was the eldest among them.

·Innocent civilians were among the casualties.

·My grandfather had among his possessions a portrait by Matisse.

·Representatives were chosen by the students from among themselves.  from 后面还可跟介词或副词

5.among other things/places/factors etc used to say that you are only mentioning one or two people or things out of a much larger group:

At the meeting they discussed, among other things, recent events in Japan.

在会议上，除了其他事之外，他们还探讨了最近在日本发生的事件。

6. if something is divided or shared among a group of people, each person is given a part of it:

·A father’s property was divided among his heirs.

7.among yourselves/ourselves/themselves =with each other:

The allies found it hard to agree among themselves.

layperson  adj.[only before noun]

1. not having expert knowledge or professional qualifications in a particular subject

• 外行的；非专业的；缺少专门知识的: 门外汉:

»His book explains the theory for the lay public.

他的书为大众阐明了这个理论。

2. not in an official position in the Church

前几天看到一个中国文化中对应的概念：Lay Buddhist = retired scholar 居士

Professor Hu’s assistant had tested Feng’s memory encoding technique, it was clear to me that his method was similar to Steve’s in spirit but quite different—and much more carefully designed—in its details.

这里的in 跟着similar 用法走  »The ten houses are similar in size.

即，在本质上说，而不是短语in spirit

This is a latter-day version of “the memory palace” that people have used since the time of the ancient Greeks to remember large amounts of information

'latter-day

adj.[only before noun]

• being a modern version of a person or thing in the past

• (旧时的人或物的)现代翻版的:

»a latter-day Robin Hood

当代的罗宾汉