centos7下使用yum安装mysql

1. 下载

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

2. 解压

rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
解压完，在路径/etc/yum.repos.d下有两个mysql的yum repo源
mysql-community.repo 和 mysql-community-source.repo

3. 安装mysql

yum install mysql-server

4. 重置密码

mysql -u root

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

解决办法：
修改mysql的拥有者为当前用户  chown -R root:root /var/lib/mysql       
     root为当前用户
重启服务  service mysqld restart

5. 继续重置密码：

mysql -u root 
UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('newpassword') where USER='root';(旧版数据库)
或 UPDATE user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD('newpassword') where USER='root';(新版数据库)
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

6. 设置远程连接数据库

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-------------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host                    | user | password                                  |
+-------------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost               | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610|
| iz2ze6g18mpr8vc88n2rhkz | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610 |
| 127.0.0.1               | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610 |
| ::1                     | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610 |
| localhost               |      |                                           |
| iz2ze6g18mpr8vc88n2rhkz |      |                                           |
+-------------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> Grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '01234' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
((%表示是所有的外部机器，如果指定某一台机，就将%改为相应的机器名；‘root’则是指要使用的用户名，))

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-------------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host                    | user | password                                  |
+-------------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost               | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610 |
| iz2ze6g18mpr8vc88n2rhkz | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610 |
| 127.0.0.1               | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610 |
| ::1                     | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610|
| localhost               |      |                                           |
| iz2ze6g18mpr8vc88n2rhkz |      |                                           |
| %                       | root | *0F11165043F0A6B93SSEESDFSFDsDFsD7DEA610 |
+-------------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

7. 防火墙设置

远程访问 MySQL，需开放默认端口号 3306.

[root@iz2ze6g18mpr8vc88n2rhkz /]# systemctl start firewalld  开启防火墙

//Centos7 开放端口
//命令含义：
//--zone #作用域
//--add-port=80/tcp #添加端口，格式为：端口/通讯协议
//--permanent #永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效

[root@iz2ze6g18mpr8vc88n2rhkz /]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp
success
[root@iz2ze6g18mpr8vc88n2rhkz /]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/udp
success
//重启防火墙
[root@iz2ze6g18mpr8vc88n2rhkz /]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

8. 开机自起

查看 MySQL 服务是否开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled mysql.service;echo $?
enabled
0
如果是 enabled 则说明是开机自动，如果不是，执行
chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on

9. 设置字符集

修改 /etc/my.cnf 文件，添加字符集的设置

[mysqld]   
character_set_server = utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8

重启 service mysql start
查看

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%'
    -> ;
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)