- 构造方法没有返回值,但是不能用void修饰
- 构造方法必须与类名相同
- 构造方法可以重载
- 构造方法不能显示的被调用,在类实例化时会自动调用构造方法,但不能直接调用构造方法
- 构造方法是不被继承的
- 当子类没有显式的调用构造方法的时候,编译器会自动调用父类的无参构造器。当子类中的构造方法调用了父类的构造方法那么久不会再调用弗雷构造方法
因为Fx中的Fx()已经显示的调用了super(),而Fx(int i)也调用了this(),所以也间接的调用了super(),所以的new Fx(5)的时候会通过this()显式的调动父类构造器Ex()
public class Ex {
Ex() {
System.out.println("Ex,no-args");
}
Ex(int i) {
System.out.println("Ex,int");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Fx f = new Fx(5);
}
}
class Fx extends Ex {
Fx() {
super();
System.out.println("Fx,no-args");
}
Fx(int i) {
this();
System.out.println("Fx,int");
}
}
- 可以不通过构造方法创建对象
- 调用对象的clone方法
- 实现Cloneable接口(一个标识接口,没有任何方法)
- 重写Object类的clone方法
- 在clone方法中调用super.clone()
public class Obj implements Cloneable {
private int a = 0;
public int getA() {
return a;
}
public void setA(int a) {
this.a = a;
}
public Obj() {
System.out.println("sonstruct");
}
@Override
protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
Object o = null;
o = (Obj)super.clone();
return o;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Obj a = new Obj();
Obj b = null;
a.setA(11);
try {
b = (Obj)a.clone();
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(a.getA());
a.setA(99);
System.out.println(b.getA());
}
}
- 反射--会调用构造器
class Person{
String name = "H";
public Person() {
System.out.println("construct");
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return name;
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Class clazz;
try {
clazz = Class.forName("Person");
Person person = (Person)clazz.newInstance();
System.out.println(person);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
- 通过反序列化--不许调用构造器
public class People implements Serializable{
private String name;
public People() {
this.name = "OOOO";
System.out.println("construct");
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return name;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
People p = new People();
System.out.println(p);
ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
ObjectInputStream ois = null;
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("people.out");
oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
oos.writeObject(p);
oos.close();
fos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
People p1;
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("people.out");
ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
p1 = (People)ois.readObject();
System.out.println(p1);
if (p != p1) {
System.out.println("tow object");
}
ois.close();
fis.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}