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A large international study has found that ten risk factors account for 90 percent of all the risk of stroke. Of that list, five risk factors usually related to lifestyle are responsible for a full 80 percent of stroke risk. According to the researchers these risk factors - high blood pressure, smoking, abdominal obesity, diet and physical activity - are modifiable and can be controlled.

译文：一项大型国际研究发现，十个高危因素一起占所有中风危险的90%。在这张列表中，通常与生活方式有关的五个风险因素导致了80%的中风风险。据研究人员称，这些危险因素——高血压、吸烟、腹部肥胖、饮食和体育活动——是可以改变的，而且是可控的。

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The findings come from a study of 3,000 people who had had strokes and an equal number of healthy individuals with no history of stroke. The study also includes a brain scan of all participating stroke survivors, according to the researchers.

译文：研究结果源自一项对3000名中风患者和同等数量没有中风史的健康人群的研究。研究人员说，这项研究还包括对所有参与的中风幸存者进行脑部扫描。

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Across the board, high blood pressure was the most important factor, accounting for one-third of all stroke risk. Blood pressure, it was noted, plays a major role in both forms of stroke: ischemic, the most common form (caused by blockage of a brain blood vessel), and hemorrhagic or bleeding stroke, in which a blood vessel in the brain bursts.

译文：总的来说，高血压是最重要的因素，占所有中风风险的三分之一。研究指出，血压在两种中风中都起着重要作用：缺血性中风（最常见的中风形式，由脑血管堵塞引起）和出血性中风（脑血管破裂）。

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Blood pressure is easily measured, and there are lots of treatments. Lifestyle modifications to control it include increasing physical activity and reducing salt intake. The other lifestyle risk factors are modifiable as well. High intake of fish and fruits, for example, is associated with a lower risk of stroke.

译文：血压很容易测量，有很多治疗方法。改变生活方式来控制血压包括增加体育活动和减少盐的摄入量。其他生活方式的风险因素也是可以改变的。例如，摄入大量的鱼和水果可以降低中风的风险。

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Many of the same risk factors have been reported in other studies, but this is the first stroke risk study to include both low- and middle- income participants in developing countries. The study confirms that high blood pressure is the leading cause of stroke in both developing and developed countries. This highlights the need for health authorities in those countries to develop strategies to reduce high blood pressure, salt intake and other risk factors.

译文：其他研究报告了许多相同的危险因素，但这是首次将发展中国家的低收入和中等收入参与者纳入中风危险研究。研究证实，在发展中国家和发达国家，高血压都是导致中风的主要原因。这突出表明，这些国家的卫生当局有必要制定减少高血压、盐摄入量和其他危险因素的战略。

Exercises:

1. According to this article,lifestyle factors are responsible for most strokes.

2. Which of the following is NOT the risk factor for stroke?

3. In this situation, "across theboard" means for all groups.

4. If something bursts, it suddenly breaks.

5. What is the most common form of stroke?

blockage of a brain blood vessel

6. Someone's lifestyle is their habits and manner of living.

7. To be associated with something means to be linked to it in some way.

Please tap the first correct sentence to appear:

1. Which risk factor is the most important?

2. What is one lifestyle modification to control blood pressure?

3. What does the study confirm?

The study confirms that high blood pressure is the leading cause of stroke in both developing and developed countries.

Fill in the blanks:

1. A large international study has found that ten risk factors account for 90 percent of all the risk of stroke. Of that list, five risk factors usually related to lifestyle are responsible for a full 80 percent of stroke risk.

2. Across the board, high blood pressure was the most important factor,accounting for one-third of all stroke risk. Blood pressure, it was noted, plays a major role in both forms of stroke: ischemic, the most common form (caused by blockage of a brain blood vessel), and hemorrhagic or bleeding stroke, in which a blood vessel in the brain bursts.

Put the sentences below in order:

(1) High intake of fish and fruits, for example, is associated with a lower risk of stroke.

(2) Lifestyle modifications to control it include increasing physical activity and reducing salt intake.

(3) Blood pressure is easily measured, and there are lots of treatments.

(4) The other lifestyle risk factors are modifiable as well.

Correct Order:(3) (2) (4) (1)

Repeat & Read Sentences:

1. Blood pressure is easily measured, and there are lots of treatments.

2. Many of the same risk factors have been reported in other studies.

3. Blood pressure, it was noted, plays a major role in both forms of stroke

4. The study confirms that high blood pressure is the leading cause of stroke in both developing and developed countries.

5. Across the board, high blood pressure was the most important factor, accounting for one-third of all stroke risk.

6. Health authorities need to developed strategies to reduce high blood pressure.

7. High blood pressure accounts for a third of all stroke risk.