微服务从零开始之登录与注册二

书接上文 微服务从零开始之登录与注册一, 表现层及前端代码搞定, 现在开始来设计和实现后端的 Java Web Service 代码

按照惯例, 基于 Spring boot 用 maven 来构造项目, pom.xml 如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.github.walterfan</groupId>
    <artifactId>checklist</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Checklist </description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
    <!--    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
            <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.19</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.5</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
            <version>1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.9.10</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.41</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

入口程序基于 SpringBoot , 就几行代码, 看起来非常简单, 其实隐藏了许多细节

package com.github.walterfan.checklist;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class WebApplication  {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(WebApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Spring Boot 一改Java Web 项目之前琐碎的配置和大量不必要的配置和胶水代码, 代之以非常简洁的实现方式, 极大地解放了 Java 程序员的生产力.

当然, 在自动配置, 封装复杂性的同时, 也增加了错误排查的难度, 你必须了解它背后隐藏的许多细节, 知其然并知其所以然, 自动化按约定配置搭建, 你得知道约定是什么.

详情参见 Spring Boot 的文档, spring boot 的 spring-boot-starter 其实背后还是粘合了众多 Spring 的成熟子项目 spring-core, spring-tx, spring-context, spring-aop, spring-web, spring-data 等等

其中有一个 spring-boot-starter-actuator 很有意思, 对监控和诊断 web service 很有帮助

还有比如以上我们引入了 spring-boot-starter-data-rest , 其实它又包含了如下依赖

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-rest-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

参考它的 pom.xml

示例代码参见 https://github.com/walterfan/msa/tree/master/examples/checklist

调用Restful API 将注册请求写入数据库，并发送一封确认的邮件到用户注册的邮箱

以下五个类实现注册基本的基本功能

class ChecklistController

应用入口很简单, 将请求分派到相应的 web 页面

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
 * Created by walterfan on 30/1/2016.
 */
@Controller
public class ChecklistController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView home() {
        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/admin", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView adminForm() {
        return new ModelAndView("admin");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView loginForm() {
        return new ModelAndView("login");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/about", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView about() {
        return new ModelAndView("about");
    }
}

REST API 的处理也很简单, 存储注册请求并发送一封确认激活的邮件给注册者

class Registration

应用了 Hibernate validator 的一些注解作为输入校验

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.dto;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotBlank;

import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

public class Registration {
    @NotBlank
    private String username;
    @Size(min = 6, max = 32)
    private String password;
    @Size(min = 6, max = 32)
    private String passwordConfirmation;
    @Email
    private String email;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getPasswordConfirmation() {
        return passwordConfirmation;
    }

    public void setPasswordConfirmation(String passwordConfirmation) {
        this.passwordConfirmation = passwordConfirmation;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }


}

Class UserController

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.controller;

import com.github.walterfan.checklist.domain.User;
import com.github.walterfan.checklist.dto.Activation;
import com.github.walterfan.checklist.dto.Registration;
import com.github.walterfan.checklist.service.UserService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.validation.Valid;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by walterfan on 4/2/2017.
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/checklist/api/v1/users")
public class UserController {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "register", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView register(@Valid @RequestBody Registration registration) {
        logger.info("register: " + registration.toString());
        userService.register(registration);

        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "activate", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView activate(@Valid @RequestBody Activation activation) {
        logger.info("activate: " + activation.toString());
        userService.activate(activation);

        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }


    @AuthorizationRole({ "admin" })
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<User> getUsers() {
        logger.info("-----getUsers------");
        List<User> list = userService.getUsers();
        list.stream().forEach(x ->  logger.info(x.toString()));
        return list;
    }
}

使用 JPA 框架和相关注解, 代码寥寥数行就搞定了DAO 层

class User

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.domain;

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by walterfan on 7/2/2016.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User extends BaseObject {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")
    @GenericGenerator(name="system-uuid", strategy = "uuid2")
    private String id;


    private String username;

    private String password;

    private String email;


    private String phoneNumber;


    private UserStatus status;


    private Date createTime;


    private Date lastModifiedTime;

    @OneToMany(cascade= CascadeType.ALL)
    private List<Token> tokens;


    public User() {
        this.status = UserStatus.pending;
        this.createTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
        this.lastModifiedTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getPhoneNumber() {
        return phoneNumber;
    }

    public void setPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber) {
        this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
    }

    public UserStatus getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(UserStatus status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public List<Token> getTokens() {
        return tokens;
    }

    public void setTokens(List<Token> tokens) {
        this.tokens = tokens;
    }

    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    public Date getLastModifiedTime() {
        return lastModifiedTime;
    }

    public void setLastModifiedTime(Date lastModifiedTime) {
        this.lastModifiedTime = lastModifiedTime;
    }
}

class UserRepository

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.dao;

import com.github.walterfan.checklist.domain.User;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.data.rest.core.annotation.RepositoryRestResource;

import java.util.Optional;

/**
 * Created by walterfan on 7/2/2016.
 */
@RepositoryRestResource
public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> {

    Optional<User> findByEmail(String email);
}

基本功能已经有了, 仅仅是把注册服务写入了数据库, 接下来要发送确认邮件, 完成注册, 及微服务的登录以及会话 Session 如何进行管理, 请参见微服务从零开始之登录与注册三

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