实例：逼真的玻璃卡片悬停效果
技术栈：HTML+CSS+JS
插件：vanilla-tilt.js
效果：
源码：
【html】【js】
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no">
<title>逼真的玻璃卡片悬停效果</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/87.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="card">
<div class="content">
<h2>01</h2>
<h3>Card One</h3>
<p>Realistic glass card hover effect, realistic glass card hover effect, realistic glass card hover effect.</p>
<a href="#">Read More</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="content">
<h2>02</h2>
<h3>Card Two</h3>
<p>Realistic glass card hover effect, realistic glass card hover effect, realistic glass card hover effect.</p>
<a href="#">Read More</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="content">
<h2>03</h2>
<h3>Card Three</h3>
<p>Realistic glass card hover effect, realistic glass card hover effect, realistic glass card hover effect, realistic glass card hover effect.</p>
<a href="#">Read More</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- vanilla-tilt.js是一个平滑的3D倾斜JS库，具体参数配置度娘可查到 -->
<script src="../js/vanilla-tilt.js"></script>
<script>
VanillaTilt.init(document.querySelectorAll(".card"),{
max: 15, //最大倾斜度数
speed: 400, //倾斜转换的速度
glare: true, //是否开启眩光效果
"max-glare": 1 //最大眩光的不透明度
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
【css】
/* 引入网络字体（Poppins） */
@import url("http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Poppins:200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900&display=swap");
*{
/* 初始化 */
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
font-family: "Poppins";
}
body{
/* 100%窗口高度 */
min-height: 100vh;
/* 弹性布局 水平+垂直居中 */
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
background-color: #161626;
}
/* 背景渐变圆 */
body::before{
content: "";
/* 绝对定位 */
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: linear-gradient(#2193b0,#6dd5ed);
/* 将元素剪切为一个圆形 【30%表示圆的直径】 【right 70%表示圆心】 */
clip-path: circle(30% at right 70%);
}
body::after{
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: linear-gradient(#ee9ca7,#ffdde1);
/* 将元素剪切为一个圆形 【20%表示圆的直径】 10% 10%表示圆心】 */
clip-path: circle(20% at 10% 10%);
}
.container{
position: relative;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
flex-wrap: wrap;
z-index: 1;
}
.container .card{
/* 相对定位 */
position: relative;
width: 280px;
height: 400px;
margin: 30px;
/* 阴影 */
box-shadow: 20px 20px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
border-radius: 15px;
background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
/* 溢出隐藏 */
overflow: hidden;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
border-left: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
/* 背景模糊 */
backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
}
.container .card .content{
padding: 20px;
text-align: center;
/* 默认下移+隐藏 */
transform: translateY(100px);
opacity: 0;
/* 动画过渡 */
transition: 0.5s;
}
.container .card:hover .content{
/* 鼠标移入，上移+显示 */
transform: translateY(0);
opacity: 1;
}
.container .card .content h2{
position: absolute;
top: -80px;
right: 30px;
font-size: 128px;
color: rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
/* pointer-events: none; */
}
.container .card .content h3{
font-size: 28px;
color: #fff;
}
.container .card .content p{
font-size: 16px;
color: #fff;
font-weight: 300;
margin: 10px 0 15px 0;
}
.container .card .content a{
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
padding: 8px 20px;
margin-top: 15px;
background-color: #fff;
color: #000;
border-radius: 20px;
text-decoration: none;
font-weight: 500;
box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
【vanilla-tilt.js】
var VanillaTilt = (function () {
'use strict';
/**
* Created by Sergiu Șandor (micku7zu) on 1/27/2017.
* Original idea: https://github.com/gijsroge/tilt.js
* MIT License.
* Version 1.7.2
*/
class VanillaTilt {
constructor(element, settings = {}) {
if (!(element instanceof Node)) {
throw ("Can't initialize VanillaTilt because " + element + " is not a Node.");
}
this.width = null;
this.height = null;
this.clientWidth = null;
this.clientHeight = null;
this.left = null;
this.top = null;
// for Gyroscope sampling
this.gammazero = null;
this.betazero = null;
this.lastgammazero = null;
this.lastbetazero = null;
this.transitionTimeout = null;
this.updateCall = null;
this.event = null;
this.updateBind = this.update.bind(this);
this.resetBind = this.reset.bind(this);
this.element = element;
this.settings = this.extendSettings(settings);
this.reverse = this.settings.reverse ? -1 : 1;
this.glare = VanillaTilt.isSettingTrue(this.settings.glare);
this.glarePrerender = VanillaTilt.isSettingTrue(this.settings["glare-prerender"]);
this.fullPageListening = VanillaTilt.isSettingTrue(this.settings["full-page-listening"]);
this.gyroscope = VanillaTilt.isSettingTrue(this.settings.gyroscope);
this.gyroscopeSamples = this.settings.gyroscopeSamples;
this.elementListener = this.getElementListener();
if (this.glare) {
this.prepareGlare();
}
if (this.fullPageListening) {
this.updateClientSize();
}
this.addEventListeners();
this.reset();
this.updateInitialPosition();
}
static isSettingTrue(setting) {
return setting === "" || setting === true || setting === 1;
}
/**
* Method returns element what will be listen mouse events
* @return {Node}
*/
getElementListener() {
if (this.fullPageListening) {
return window.document;
}
if (typeof this.settings["mouse-event-element"] === "string") {
const mouseEventElement = document.querySelector(this.settings["mouse-event-element"]);
if (mouseEventElement) {
return mouseEventElement;
}
}
if (this.settings["mouse-event-element"] instanceof Node) {
return this.settings["mouse-event-element"];
}
return this.element;
}
/**
* Method set listen methods for this.elementListener
* @return {Node}
*/
addEventListeners() {
this.onMouseEnterBind = this.onMouseEnter.bind(this);
this.onMouseMoveBind = this.onMouseMove.bind(this);
this.onMouseLeaveBind = this.onMouseLeave.bind(this);
this.onWindowResizeBind = this.onWindowResize.bind(this);
this.onDeviceOrientationBind = this.onDeviceOrientation.bind(this);
this.elementListener.addEventListener("mouseenter", this.onMouseEnterBind);
this.elementListener.addEventListener("mouseleave", this.onMouseLeaveBind);
this.elementListener.addEventListener("mousemove", this.onMouseMoveBind);
if (this.glare || this.fullPageListening) {
window.addEventListener("resize", this.onWindowResizeBind);
}
if (this.gyroscope) {
window.addEventListener("deviceorientation", this.onDeviceOrientationBind);
}
}
/**
* Method remove event listeners from current this.elementListener
*/
removeEventListeners() {
this.elementListener.removeEventListener("mouseenter", this.onMouseEnterBind);
this.elementListener.removeEventListener("mouseleave", this.onMouseLeaveBind);
this.elementListener.removeEventListener("mousemove", this.onMouseMoveBind);
if (this.gyroscope) {
window.removeEventListener("deviceorientation", this.onDeviceOrientationBind);
}
if (this.glare || this.fullPageListening) {
window.removeEventListener("resize", this.onWindowResizeBind);
}
}
destroy() {
clearTimeout(this.transitionTimeout);
if (this.updateCall !== null) {
cancelAnimationFrame(this.updateCall);
}
this.reset();
this.removeEventListeners();
this.element.vanillaTilt = null;
delete this.element.vanillaTilt;
this.element = null;
}
onDeviceOrientation(event) {
if (event.gamma === null || event.beta === null) {
return;
}
this.updateElementPosition();
if (this.gyroscopeSamples > 0) {
this.lastgammazero = this.gammazero;
this.lastbetazero = this.betazero;
if (this.gammazero === null) {
this.gammazero = event.gamma;
this.betazero = event.beta;
} else {
this.gammazero = (event.gamma + this.lastgammazero) / 2;
this.betazero = (event.beta + this.lastbetazero) / 2;
}
this.gyroscopeSamples -= 1;
}
const totalAngleX = this.settings.gyroscopeMaxAngleX - this.settings.gyroscopeMinAngleX;
const totalAngleY = this.settings.gyroscopeMaxAngleY - this.settings.gyroscopeMinAngleY;
const degreesPerPixelX = totalAngleX / this.width;
const degreesPerPixelY = totalAngleY / this.height;
const angleX = event.gamma - (this.settings.gyroscopeMinAngleX + this.gammazero);
const angleY = event.beta - (this.settings.gyroscopeMinAngleY + this.betazero);
const posX = angleX / degreesPerPixelX;
const posY = angleY / degreesPerPixelY;
if (this.updateCall !== null) {
cancelAnimationFrame(this.updateCall);
}
this.event = {
clientX: posX + this.left,
clientY: posY + this.top,
};
this.updateCall = requestAnimationFrame(this.updateBind);
}
onMouseEnter() {
this.updateElementPosition();
this.element.style.willChange = "transform";
this.setTransition();
}
onMouseMove(event) {
if (this.updateCall !== null) {
cancelAnimationFrame(this.updateCall);
}
this.event = event;
this.updateCall = requestAnimationFrame(this.updateBind);
}
onMouseLeave() {
this.setTransition();
if (this.settings.reset) {
requestAnimationFrame(this.resetBind);
}
}
reset() {
this.event = {
clientX: this.left + this.width / 2,
clientY: this.top + this.height / 2
};
if (this.element && this.element.style) {
this.element.style.transform = `perspective(${this.settings.perspective}px) ` +
`rotateX(0deg) ` +
`rotateY(0deg) ` +
`scale3d(1, 1, 1)`;
}
this.resetGlare();
}
resetGlare() {
if (this.glare) {
this.glareElement.style.transform = "rotate(180deg) translate(-50%, -50%)";
this.glareElement.style.opacity = "0";
}
}
updateInitialPosition() {
if (this.settings.startX === 0 && this.settings.startY === 0) {
return;
}
this.onMouseEnter();
if (this.fullPageListening) {
this.event = {
clientX: (this.settings.startX + this.settings.max) / (2 * this.settings.max) * this.clientWidth,
clientY: (this.settings.startY + this.settings.max) / (2 * this.settings.max) * this.clientHeight
};
} else {
this.event = {
clientX: this.left + ((this.settings.startX + this.settings.max) / (2 * this.settings.max) * this.width),
clientY: this.top + ((this.settings.startY + this.settings.max) / (2 * this.settings.max) * this.height)
};
}
let backupScale = this.settings.scale;
this.settings.scale = 1;
this.update();
this.settings.scale = backupScale;
this.resetGlare();
}
getValues() {
let x, y;
if (this.fullPageListening) {
x = this.event.clientX / this.clientWidth;
y = this.event.clientY / this.clientHeight;
} else {
x = (this.event.clientX - this.left) / this.width;
y = (this.event.clientY - this.top) / this.height;
}
x = Math.min(Math.max(x, 0), 1);
y = Math.min(Math.max(y, 0), 1);
let tiltX = (this.reverse * (this.settings.max - x * this.settings.max * 2)).toFixed(2);
let tiltY = (this.reverse * (y * this.settings.max * 2 - this.settings.max)).toFixed(2);
let angle = Math.atan2(this.event.clientX - (this.left + this.width / 2), -(this.event.clientY - (this.top + this.height / 2))) * (180 / Math.PI);
return {
tiltX: tiltX,
tiltY: tiltY,
percentageX: x * 100,
percentageY: y * 100,
angle: angle
};
}
updateElementPosition() {
let rect = this.element.getBoundingClientRect();
this.width = this.element.offsetWidth;
this.height = this.element.offsetHeight;
this.left = rect.left;
this.top = rect.top;
}
update() {
let values = this.getValues();
this.element.style.transform = "perspective(" + this.settings.perspective + "px) " +
"rotateX(" + (this.settings.axis === "x" ? 0 : values.tiltY) + "deg) " +
"rotateY(" + (this.settings.axis === "y" ? 0 : values.tiltX) + "deg) " +
"scale3d(" + this.settings.scale + ", " + this.settings.scale + ", " + this.settings.scale + ")";
if (this.glare) {
this.glareElement.style.transform = `rotate(${values.angle}deg) translate(-50%, -50%)`;
this.glareElement.style.opacity = `${values.percentageY * this.settings["max-glare"] / 100}`;
}
this.element.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("tiltChange", {
"detail": values
}));
this.updateCall = null;
}
/**
* Appends the glare element (if glarePrerender equals false)
* and sets the default style
*/
prepareGlare() {
// If option pre-render is enabled we assume all html/css is present for an optimal glare effect.
if (!this.glarePrerender) {
// Create glare element
const jsTiltGlare = document.createElement("div");
jsTiltGlare.classList.add("js-tilt-glare");
const jsTiltGlareInner = document.createElement("div");
jsTiltGlareInner.classList.add("js-tilt-glare-inner");
jsTiltGlare.appendChild(jsTiltGlareInner);
this.element.appendChild(jsTiltGlare);
}
this.glareElementWrapper = this.element.querySelector(".js-tilt-glare");
this.glareElement = this.element.querySelector(".js-tilt-glare-inner");
if (this.glarePrerender) {
return;
}
Object.assign(this.glareElementWrapper.style, {
"position": "absolute",
"top": "0",
"left": "0",
"width": "100%",
"height": "100%",
"overflow": "hidden",
"pointer-events": "none"
});
Object.assign(this.glareElement.style, {
"position": "absolute",
"top": "50%",
"left": "50%",
"pointer-events": "none",
"background-image": `linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,1) 100%)`,
"transform": "rotate(180deg) translate(-50%, -50%)",
"transform-origin": "0% 0%",
"opacity": "0",
});
this.updateGlareSize();
}
updateGlareSize() {
if (this.glare) {
const glareSize = (this.element.offsetWidth > this.element.offsetHeight ? this.element.offsetWidth : this.element.offsetHeight) * 2;
Object.assign(this.glareElement.style, {
"width": `${glareSize}px`,
"height": `${glareSize}px`,
});
}
}
updateClientSize() {
this.clientWidth = window.innerWidth
|| document.documentElement.clientWidth
|| document.body.clientWidth;
this.clientHeight = window.innerHeight
|| document.documentElement.clientHeight
|| document.body.clientHeight;
}
onWindowResize() {
this.updateGlareSize();
this.updateClientSize();
}
setTransition() {
clearTimeout(this.transitionTimeout);
this.element.style.transition = this.settings.speed + "ms " + this.settings.easing;
if (this.glare) this.glareElement.style.transition = `opacity ${this.settings.speed}ms ${this.settings.easing}`;
this.transitionTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
this.element.style.transition = "";
if (this.glare) {
this.glareElement.style.transition = "";
}
}, this.settings.speed);
}
/**
* Method return patched settings of instance
* @param {boolean} settings.reverse - reverse the tilt direction
* @param {number} settings.max - max tilt rotation (degrees)
* @param {startX} settings.startX - the starting tilt on the X axis, in degrees. Default: 0
* @param {startY} settings.startY - the starting tilt on the Y axis, in degrees. Default: 0
* @param {number} settings.perspective - Transform perspective, the lower the more extreme the tilt gets
* @param {string} settings.easing - Easing on enter/exit
* @param {number} settings.scale - 2 = 200%, 1.5 = 150%, etc..
* @param {number} settings.speed - Speed of the enter/exit transition
* @param {boolean} settings.transition - Set a transition on enter/exit
* @param {string|null} settings.axis - What axis should be disabled. Can be X or Y
* @param {boolean} settings.glare - What axis should be disabled. Can be X or Y
* @param {number} settings.max-glare - the maximum "glare" opacity (1 = 100%, 0.5 = 50%)
* @param {boolean} settings.glare-prerender - false = VanillaTilt creates the glare elements for you, otherwise
* @param {boolean} settings.full-page-listening - If true, parallax effect will listen to mouse move events on the whole document, not only the selected element
* @param {string|object} settings.mouse-event-element - String selector or link to HTML-element what will be listen mouse events
* @param {boolean} settings.reset - false = If the tilt effect has to be reset on exit
* @param {gyroscope} settings.gyroscope - Enable tilting by deviceorientation events
* @param {gyroscopeSensitivity} settings.gyroscopeSensitivity - Between 0 and 1 - The angle at which max tilt position is reached. 1 = 90deg, 0.5 = 45deg, etc..
* @param {gyroscopeSamples} settings.gyroscopeSamples - How many gyroscope moves to decide the starting position.
*/
extendSettings(settings) {
let defaultSettings = {
reverse: false,
max: 15,
startX: 0,
startY: 0,
perspective: 1000,
easing: "cubic-bezier(.03,.98,.52,.99)",
scale: 1,
speed: 300,
transition: true,
axis: null,
glare: false,
"max-glare": 1,
"glare-prerender": false,
"full-page-listening": false,
"mouse-event-element": null,
reset: true,
gyroscope: true,
gyroscopeMinAngleX: -45,
gyroscopeMaxAngleX: 45,
gyroscopeMinAngleY: -45,
gyroscopeMaxAngleY: 45,
gyroscopeSamples: 10
};
let newSettings = {};
for (var property in defaultSettings) {
if (property in settings) {
newSettings[property] = settings[property];
} else if (this.element.hasAttribute("data-tilt-" + property)) {
let attribute = this.element.getAttribute("data-tilt-" + property);
try {
newSettings[property] = JSON.parse(attribute);
} catch (e) {
newSettings[property] = attribute;
}
} else {
newSettings[property] = defaultSettings[property];
}
}
return newSettings;
}
static init(elements, settings) {
if (elements instanceof Node) {
elements = [elements];
}
if (elements instanceof NodeList) {
elements = [].slice.call(elements);
}
if (!(elements instanceof Array)) {
return;
}
elements.forEach((element) => {
if (!("vanillaTilt" in element)) {
element.vanillaTilt = new VanillaTilt(element, settings);
}
});
}
}
if (typeof document !== "undefined") {
/* expose the class to window */
window.VanillaTilt = VanillaTilt;
/**
* Auto load
*/
VanillaTilt.init(document.querySelectorAll("[data-tilt]"));
}
return VanillaTilt;
}());
