Socket（套接字）
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socket是处在应用层之下、传输层之上的接口层，它是操作系统提供用户访问网络的接口，借助socket我们就可以对应用层、传输层和网际层的一些操作，以实现应用层的需要。下面围绕一个例子的不断优化体验java网络编程。该例子参考于https://www.cnblogs.com/yiwangzhibujian/p/7107785.html
Socket通信示例
try1:client向server发送一段信息双方即关闭
- Server端
package socket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final int PORT = 10086;
ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
Socket socket = null;
InputStream inputStream = null;
try {
//监听10086端口
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(PORT);
//等待连接
socket = serverSocket.accept();
//获得输入流
inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
int len;
//建立一个1kb的缓冲区
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
while((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1){
builder.append(new String(bytes,0,len,"UTF-8"));
}
System.out.println(builder);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
System.out.println("创建失败！");
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
if(inputStream != null) inputStream.close();
if(socket != null) socket.close();
if(serverSocket != null) serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
System.out.println("关闭异常！");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
- Client端
package socket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//要连接的ip和端口
final String HOST = "127.0.0.1";
final int PORT = 10086;
Socket socket = null;
OutputStream outputStream = null;
try {
//向目标发送一个连接
socket = new Socket(HOST,PORT);
//建立连接以后获得输出流
outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
String message = "hello,server!!!";
outputStream.write(message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
System.out.println("请检查ip地址！");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
System.out.println("连接异常！");
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
if(outputStream != null) outputStream.close();
if(socket != null) socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
try2:Server端接收到来自Client端的消息后，再发送一段消息给客户端，再关闭
- Server端
package socket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server{
public static void main(String[] args) {
final int PORT = 10086;
ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
Socket socket = null;
OutputStream outputStream = null;
InputStream inputStream = null;
try {
//监听10086端口
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(PORT);
//等待连接
socket = serverSocket.accept();
//得到连接后，获得输入流
inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
//建立1kb的缓冲区
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
//获得client的信息
int len;
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
while((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1){
builder.append(new String(bytes,0,len,"UTF-8"));
}
System.out.println(builder);
//获得输出流
outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
String res = "yeah I accept your message,client!";
//向输出流响应
outputStream.write(res.getBytes("UTF-8"));
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
if(inputStream != null) inputStream.close();
if(outputStream != null) outputStream.close();
if(socket != null) socket.close();
if(serverSocket != null) serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
- Client端
package socket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class Client{
public static void main(String[] args) {
//目标的ip和端口
final int PORT = 10086;
final String IP = "127.0.0.1";
Socket socket = null;
InputStream inputStream = null;
OutputStream outputStream = null;
try {
//与Server进行连接
socket = new Socket(IP,PORT);
//连接后获得输出流
outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
String message = "hello,don't you remerber me,Server?";
//向输出流写入message
outputStream.write(message.getBytes("UTF-8"));
//通过shutdownOutPut告诉Server已经发送完数据，
socket.shutdownOutput();
//获得输入流
inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
//建立1kb缓冲区
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
//获得server的回应
int len;
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
while((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1){
builder.append(new String(bytes,0,len,"UTF-8"));
}
System.out.println(builder);
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
System.out.println("请检查ip!");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
System.out.println("连接异常！");
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
if(outputStream != null) outputStream.close();
if(inputStream != null) inputStream.close();
if(socket != null) socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
