一、简介
Laravel 的邮件功能基于热门的 SwiftMailer 函数库之上，提供了一个简洁的 API。Laravel为SMTP、Mailgun、Mandrill、Amazon SES、PHP的mail函数、以及sendmail提供了驱动，从而允许你快速通过本地或云服务发送邮件。
本文通过介绍国内常用的SMTP方式来介绍 Laravel 中邮件功能的使用。
二、配置
邮件的配置文件在config/mail.php文件中，配置项及说明如下：
<?php
return [
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Mail Driver
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Laravel supports both SMTP and PHP's "mail" function as drivers for the
| sending of e-mail. You may specify which one you're using throughout
| your application here. By default, Laravel is setup for SMTP mail.
|
| Supported: "smtp", "mail", "sendmail", "mailgun", "mandrill",
| "ses", "sparkpost", "log"
|
*/
// 默认使用 smtp 驱动， 支持 "smtp", "mail", "sendmail", "mailgun", "mandrill", "ses", "sparkpost", "log"
'driver' => env('MAIL_DRIVER', 'smtp'),
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| SMTP Host Address
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here you may provide the host address of the SMTP server used by your
| applications. A default option is provided that is compatible with
| the Mailgun mail service which will provide reliable deliveries.
|
*/
// smtp 服务器的主机地址
'host' => env('MAIL_HOST', 'smtp.mailgun.org'),
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| SMTP Host Port
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This is the SMTP port used by your application to deliver e-mails to
| users of the application. Like the host we have set this value to
| stay compatible with the Mailgun e-mail application by default.
|
*/
// 端口
'port' => env('MAIL_PORT', 587),
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Global "From" Address
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| You may wish for all e-mails sent by your application to be sent from
| the same address. Here, you may specify a name and address that is
| used globally for all e-mails that are sent by your application.
|
*/
// 配置全局的发件邮箱地址及名称
'from' => ['address' => "json_vip@163.com", 'name' => "马燕龙个人博客"],
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| E-Mail Encryption Protocol
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here you may specify the encryption protocol that should be used when
| the application send e-mail messages. A sensible default using the
| transport layer security protocol should provide great security.
|
*/
// 协议
'encryption' => env('MAIL_ENCRYPTION', 'tls'),
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| SMTP Server Username
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| If your SMTP server requires a username for authentication, you should
| set it here. This will get used to authenticate with your server on
| connection. You may also set the "password" value below this one.
|
*/
// 发件邮箱账号
'username' => env('MAIL_USERNAME'),
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| SMTP Server Password
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here you may set the password required by your SMTP server to send out
| messages from your application. This will be given to the server on
| connection so that the application will be able to send messages.
|
*/
// 发件邮箱密码
'password' => env('MAIL_PASSWORD'),
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Sendmail System Path
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| When using the "sendmail" driver to send e-mails, we will need to know
| the path to where Sendmail lives on this server. A default path has
| been provided here, which will work well on most of your systems.
|
*/
'sendmail' => '/usr/sbin/sendmail -bs',
];
具体的参数值在.env文件中配置，这里使用的是163邮箱的SMTP服务，配置如下：
MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=smtp.163.com
MAIL_PORT=465
MAIL_USERNAME=json_vip@163.com
MAIL_PASSWORD=对应账号的密码
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=ssl
三、发送邮件
使用时记得 use Mail;
1. 发送纯文本邮件
$num = Mail::raw('邮件内容', function($message) {
$message->from('json_vip@163.com', '发件人名称');
$message->subject('邮件主题');
$message->to('849291170@qq.com');
});
2. 发送HTML视图
使用mails目录下的welcome模板，传递的参数用于给模板中的变量赋值：
$num = Mail::send('mails.welcome', ['name' => 'sean'], function($message) {
$message->to('849291170@qq.com');
});
对应的模板为：
<h1> Welcome, {{ $name }} ! </h>
