题目链接
tag:
- Medium;
- Stack;
question:
Given a binary tree, return the inorder traversal of its nodes' values.
Example:
Input: [1,null,2,3]
1
\
2
/
3
Output: [1,3,2]
Follow up: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?
C++ 解法一:
思路:
二叉树的中序遍历顺序为左-根-右,可以有递归和非递归来解。我们先来看递归方法,十分直接,对左子结点调用递归函数,根节点访问值,右子节点再调用递归函数,代码如下:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
vector<int> res;
inorder(root, res);
return res;
}
void inorder(TreeNode* root, vector<int> &res) {
if (!root) return;
if (root->left)
inorder(root->left, res);
res.push_back(root->val);
if (root->right)
inorder(root->right, res);
}
};
C++ 解法二:
思路:
非递归使用栈的解法,也是符合本题要求使用的解法,思路是从根节点开始,先将根节点压入栈,然后再将其所有左子结点压入栈,然后取出栈顶节点,保存节点值,再将当前指针移到其右子节点上,若存在右子节点,则在下次循环时又可将其所有左子结点压入栈中。这样就保证了访问顺序为左-根-右,代码如下:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
// Non-recursion
vector<int> res;
stack<TreeNode*> sk;
TreeNode *p = root;
while (p || !sk.empty()) {
while (p) {
sk.push(p);
p = p->left;
}
p = sk.top();
sk.pop();
res.push_back(p->val);
p = p->right;
}
return res;
}
};
C++ 解法三:模板形式
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
vector<int> res;
stack<TreeNode*> s;
TreeNode *p = root;
while (!s.empty() || p) {
if (p) {
s.push(p);
p = p->left;
} else {
p = s.top(); s.pop();
res.push_back(p->val);
p = p->right;
}
}
return res;
}
};