- 线程也是一种资源，多线程场景下频繁的创建和销毁线程均会产生性能损耗，过多不合理线程的创建也会占用大量系统资源、甚至造成系统宕机。在这个背景下“线程池”应运而生
- 线程池创建通过Executors产生ExecutorServices实现
ExecutorService threadPool = Executor.new******; // 创建线程池，可以创建不同类型线程池
threadPool.submit(Runnable); // 线程池申请线程，执行Runnable中的run方法
threadPool.shotDown();// 关闭线程池，释放占用资源
- 可以创建固定大小的线程池newFixedThreadPool,当申请线程超过最大线程数是，则进入等待队列(LinkedBlockingQueue,先进先执行)，直到有任务执行完成
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* @author Rambo(浩祥)
* @create 2017-03-09
**/
public class Practice {
static int j = 0;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
for (int i=0; i<5; i++){
j = i;
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
executorService.shutdown();
}
}
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- 可以创建缓存线程池newCachedThreadPool，申请线程如果当前线程池没有空闲线程，则创建，任务执行完毕会放入线程池维护，如果有空闲线程，则直接使用。缓存的线程超过一定时间会被销毁回收（注意事项：启动的线程数如果超过整型最大值后会抛出RejectedExecutionException异常，启动后的线程存活时间为一分钟）
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* @author Rambo(浩祥)
* @create 2017-03-09
**/
public class Practice {
static int j = 0;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
for (int i=0; i<5; i++){
j = i;
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
}
});
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
executorService.shutdown();
}
}
image.png
- 创建一个可定时执行的线程池（类似Timer.schedual）newScheduledThreadPool,该线程池内的线程没有执行序列，随机捞取空闲线程，比如2个线程但有可能一直用的是一个线程
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* @author Rambo(浩祥)
* @create 2017-03-09
**/
public class Practice {
static int j = 0;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2);
ScheduledExecutorService executorService1 = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2);
for (int i=0; i<5; i++){
j = i;
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + j);
}
});
}
executorService1.scheduleWithFixedDelay(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "scheduleWithFixedDelay");
}
}, 1, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
executorService1.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "scheduleAtFixedRate");
}
}, 1, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
executorService.shutdown();
}
}
image.png
