我们知道语言在演变,有些比较结构已经逐渐固定化,成了习语。例如:more than 10 people, He as much as likes you.等。这里more than 和 as much as已经用如一个副词,这种用法称为比较结构的习语用法 idiomatic usage。
语法书说,Bad as he was, he is not without merits. 这个句子中as引导让步状语从句。其实这个as he was 和 Knowing him as I did, I ...中的as I did的结构和用法完全相同,本质上是一种比较结构。至于表示原因还是让步,是由句子的逻辑决定的,而不是as的语义决定的。
美国人在形容词前又加了一个as, 还是可以表示原因或让步。
as...as 引导让步状语从句的用法主要见于美国英语中。如: Improbable as it seems, it's still true. = (chiefly US ) AS improbable as it seems, it's still true. 尽管看起来不可能,但那却是真的。(摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p. 105 as conj. 4)