surface作vi有become apparent的意思
One in ten black bears is born with a white coat, which is the result of a special gene that surfaces in a few.
old-growth，adj=（of a tree or forested area）never felled（fell作动词是砍伐的意思，vt），harvested or cleared；mature
This old-growth rainforest is the habitat of a variety of species.
Fish streams有鱼的溪流
The extremely long roots of the old-growth trees can help prevent erosion of the soil along the banks of the many fish streams.
Salmon，三文鱼，作可数名词时单复同形；keep sth intact保持…完美无缺
The streams which are kept intact are home to salmon, which are the spirit bears’ main food source.
Discard丢弃vt；lush茂盛的；sustain支撑vt
The large amounts of skin and bones discarded by bears as they eat the salmon provide vital nutrients to the lush vegetation that sustains thousands of life forms such as birds and insects.
make every effort to do sth= to do all one can
He’s been making every effort to learn English in order to get the average score of 9 in the IELTS exam.
fracture =break or cause to break使…断裂vt；断裂vi
The roads built by logging companies have fractured the areas where the bear usually feeds.
all the more = even more
Unlimited fishing and logging have a negative impact on the spirit bear’s very existence, which is made all the more fragile by the fact that reproduction among these bears has been disappointingly slow.
work on针对…而努力，vt
Many governmental branches and societal entities are now working together on this issue.
