1 motion

theactorprocessofmoving, or aparticularactionormovement动；运动；移动

Theviolentmotionof theshipupsethisstomach.船的剧烈摇晃使他的胃很不舒服。

Herockedthecradlewithagentlebackwardsandforwardsmotion.他轻轻地前后晃动摇篮。

Theyshowedthegoalagaininslowmotion (=at aslowerspeedsothat theactioncouldbe moreclearlyseen).他们用慢动作又播了一遍进球镜头。

ukapoliteway of referring to theprocessof gettingridofsolidwastefrom thebody, or thewasteitself大便，粪便（委婉语）

Thenurseaskedif her motions wereregular.护士问她大便是否正常。

aformalsuggestionmade,discussed, andvotedon at ameeting

（会议中正式提出准备表决的）提议，动议

[ + to infinitive ]Someoneproposedamotiontoincreasethemembershipfeeto$500 ayear.有人提议将年会费增加至500英镑。

The motion wasaccepted/passed/defeated/rejected.提议被接受／通过／驳倒／否决了。

2from the leaningtower of Pisa

aparticularset ofbeliefs,opinions, etc. that someoneprefers

（指信念、意见等的）倾向性

I don'tknowwhathispoliticalleaningsare.我不知道他的政治倾向。

Lean--to (causeto)slopein onedirection, or tomovethetoppartof thebodyin aparticulardirection（使）倾斜，（使）向一侧歪斜

Isatdownnext to Bernard, who leaned over to me and said "You're late."我在伯纳德身边坐下，他凑过身子对我说，“你来晚了。”

Leanyourheadbacka little.头向后仰一点。

Thatfenceisleaning to theright.那个栅栏向右倾斜。

3do something equivalent

Adj--having the sameamount,value,purpose,qualities, etc.等值的；相等的；等同的

She's doing the equivalentjobinthe newcompanybutfor moremoney.她在新公司做同样的工作，但薪水比以前高。

Is $50 equivalenttoabout£30?50美元是不是大约相当于30英镑？

n--Ten thousandpeopleayeardieof thedisease- that's the equivalentofthepopulationof thistown.每年有一万人死于这种疾病——该数字相当于这个城镇的总人口。

4 slope

n--asurfacethatliesat anangleto thehorizontalso that somepointson it arehigherthanothers斜坡

Theroofis at a slope (= at anangleto ahorizontalsurface) of 30°.屋顶有30°的坡度。

aski/mountainslope滑雪坡／山坡

v--to be at anangleto thehorizontal斜坡

Thepathslopesup/downtothehouse.小路倾斜向上／向下通往房子。

Thefootballpitchslopedat thesouthend,so onehalfofthegamehadto beplayeduphill.我们学校的足球场南端呈斜坡状，所以比赛总是有一半不得不踢上坡球。

5 falling vertically

verticalAdj--standingorpointingstraightup or at anangleof 90° to ahorizontalsurfaceorline

竖直的；垂直的；立式的

verticallines/stripes竖线／竖条纹

Shelookedover thecliffandfoundshe wasstandingat theedgeof a verticaldrop.她从悬崖上向下看，发现自己正站在陡直悬崖的边缘。

n--a verticalline,surface, orposition垂直线；垂直面；竖直位置

In a two-stageoperation,thesteelstructurewillberaisedtothevertical.在分成两个步骤的操作中，这个多幅条的钢架将被竖成垂直状态。

6 refute

to say orprovethat aperson,statement,opinion, etc. iswrongorfalse

驳斥；反驳；否认…的正确性（或真实性）

to refute aperson/theory/argument/claim驳斥一个人／理论／论点／说法

7 the common sense view

thebasiclevelofpracticalknowledgeandjudgmentthat we all need tohelpuslivein areasonableandsafeway常识

Windsurfing isperfectlysafeaslongas you have/use somecommonsense.只要具备／运用些常识，帆板冲浪运动非常安全。

amatterofcommonsense常识的问题

8the variations in the

v---]achangeinamountorlevel变化；变动

Unemploymentratesamongwhite-collarworkersshow much lessregionalvariation thancorrespondingratesamongblue-collarworkers.白领工作者的失业率与蓝领工人相比，地区性差异要小得多。

Themedicaltestsshowedsome variationinthebaby'sheartrate.医学检验表明婴儿的心率有些不齐。

globaltemperaturevariations over the last 140years过去140年间全球气温的变化

n--something that isslightlydifferent from theusualformorarrangement

变种，变体；变化了的东西

There arewidevariationsin the waypensionershavebenefitedfromthesystem.养老金领取者从这个体制中受益的情况有很大差别。

Thefilmsshemakes are all variationsonthe sametheme.她拍的电影围绕的都是同一主题。

​

[ C ]specializedmusicone of severalshorttunesthat arebasedon the samesimpletune, but are different from it and from theothers

变奏曲

symphonic variations交响乐变奏曲

9Jupiter

theplanetfifth inorderofdistancefrom the Sun, afterMarsand beforeSaturn木星

10the propagation of light

propagate

v--toproducea newplantfrom aparentplant:传播，繁殖，宣传，增殖

Mosthouseplantscan bepropagated fromstemcuttings.

Plants needcertainconditionstopropagate.

11or infrared

Infraredlightis atypeoflightthatfeelswarmbut cannot beseen.红外线的

Theirpilotsareguidedbyan infraredopticalsystemthatshowsimagesclearlyevenatnight.他们的飞行员使用红外光学系统导航，即便在夜晚也能清楚地显示影像。

12 ether

aclearliquidused,especiallyin the past, as ananaestheticto makepeoplesleepbefore amedicaloperation

（尤指旧时用于麻醉的）醚，乙醚

theskyor theair,especiallyconsideredas beingfullofradiowaves

苍穹，太空；无线电波

13a hitherto unknown clerk

until now or until aparticulartime

迄今为止；到（某时）为止

Mirarevealedhithertounsuspectedtalentsonthedancefloor.时至今日，米拉已经显示出了他在板球投球方面潜藏的非凡才能。

14The fundamentalpostulateof the theory of relativity,

V&n--tosuggestatheory,idea, etc. as abasicprinciplefrom which afurtherideaisformedordeveloped假定，假设

[ + that ]It was theGreekastronomer,Ptolemy, who postulatedthattheearthwasat thecentreoftheuniverse.是希腊天文学家托勒密假定地球是宇宙的中心。

15a pulse of light

theregularbeatingof theheart,especiallywhen it isfeltat thewristorsideof theneck脉搏

The child's pulsewasstrong/weak.那个孩子的脉搏很有力／虚弱。

Exerciseincreasesyourpulserate.锻炼能加快你的脉搏率。

take sb's pulse

toholdsomeone'swristandcounthow manytimestheheartbeatsin oneminute

测（某人的）脉搏

[ C ]ashortperiodofenergythat isrepeatedregularly, such as ashort,loudsoundor ashortflashoflight（声波或光波的）脉冲

Thedata,normallytransmittedelectronically,can bechangedintopulses oflight.这一数据通常是电子传送的，现在可被改为光波脉冲。

seedssuch asbeansorpeasthat arecookedandeaten豆类植物的种子；荚果；豆子

Pulsesincludepeas,lentils,andchickpeas.豆类包括豌豆、小扁豆和鹰嘴豆。

16relative velocity.

thespeedat which anobjectistravelling

速度；速率

Lighttravelsatthehighestachievablevelocityin theuniverse.光的传播速度是宇宙中物体所能达到的最高速度。

He always usedhighvelocityleadbulletsinhisrifle.他的步枪一直使用高速铅弹。

17detect

tonoticesomething that ispartlyhiddenor notclear, or todiscoversomething,especiallyusing aspecialmethod

（尤指用特殊方法）发现，察觉，看出

Somesoundscannot be detected by thehumanear.有些声音是人的耳朵无法察觉到的。

Financialexpertshave detectedsignsthat theeconomyisbeginningtoimprove.金融专家已经注意到了经济开始有好转的迹象。

C1todiscoversomething, usually usingspecialequipment

（通常指用特殊设备）探测，检测，测出

Highlevelsofleadwere detected in theatmosphere.经检测发现大气中铅的含量很高。

Radarequipmentis used to detect (=findthepositionof)enemyaircraft.雷达装置用于探测敌机的位置。

18theMichelson-Morley experiment

迈克尔逊－莫雷实验(Michelson-Morley Experiment)，是1887年迈克尔逊和莫雷在美国克利夫兰做的用迈克尔逊干涉仪测量两垂直光的光速差值的一项著名的物理实验。但结果证明光速在不同惯性系和不同方向上都是相同的，由此否认了以太（绝对静止参考系）的存在，从而动摇了经典物理学基础，成为近代物理学的一个发端，在物理学发展史上占有十分重要的地位。

19 Piccadilly Circus

皮卡迪利广场（Piccadilly Circus）是苏豪区的娱乐中枢。它由纳什于1819年设计，以实现摄政王连接卡尔顿宫和摄政公园的梦想。这个热闹的十字路口区是以爱神像为中心，于18世纪80年代沙夫茨伯里路建成时才转变的。皮卡迪利广场又称为皮卡迪利圆环，是伦敦著名的交通枢纽，5条繁华大街会聚于此，所以皮卡迪利广场有一个好玩的昵称，被叫做“伦敦的肚脐眼”。皮卡迪利广场既是伦敦人逛街娱乐的地方，也是中国游客购物观光不可错过的一环。

20other two spatialdimension

relatingto theposition,area, andsizeof things空间的

Thistaskisdesignedtotestchildren'sspatialawareness(=theirunderstandingofwhere things are inrelationtoother things).这一任务是为测试孩子的空间意识而设计的。

21the ripples

n--[ C ]asmallwaveon thesurfaceofwater涟漪；微波；细浪

Thestoneshethrewcausedripples tospreadacrossthelake.她扔了一块石头，湖面泛起阵阵涟漪。

​

[ C ]asoundorfeelingthatspreadsthrough apersonorgroupofpeople,graduallyincreasingand thenbecomingsmaller

（声音的）传播起伏；（感情的）逐渐扩散

A rippleoflaughter/applause, etc.ranthrough thecrowd.人群中响起一阵阵笑声／掌声等。

A rippleofexcitement/unease, etc.flowedup herspine.一阵激动／不安等顺着脊背传遍了她全身。

News of thewarhardlycauseda ripple (=peopleshowedlittleinterest).战争爆发的消息几乎没有引起任何反响。

​

[ U ]plainicecreamwiththinlinesof otherflavoursin it彩条冰激凌

raspberryripple山莓彩条冰激凌

v--to (causeto)moveinsmallwaves

（使）起涟漪；（使）如波浪般起伏

Thebreezerippledthewater.微风在水面吹起阵阵涟漪。

Hismusclesrippledunder hisskin.他皮肤下的肌肉一条条凸起。

22stacks snapshots

n--apileof thingsarrangedone ontopof another

（码放整齐的）堆，叠，摞

Hechoseacartoonfromthe stack of DVDs on theshelf.他从架子上的一摞录像带中挑了盘卡通片。

informalalargeamount大量，许多

Don'tworry,we've got stacks oftime.别担心，我们有的是时间。

the stacks

a set ofshelvesin alibrarythat arepositionedclosetogether so that a lot ofbookscan bestoredon them

（图书馆中排列密集的）藏书书架；书库

australian

english informalacaraccident,especiallyone thatcausesdamage

（尤指造成伤害的）车祸

[ T ]toarrangethings in anorderedpile

把…放成整齐的一摞；把…码成堆

Once the last fewpeoplehadleftthehall, thecaretakerbeganstacking(up)thechairs.最后几个人一离开大厅，看门人就开始把椅子摞起来。

23cone

ashapewith aflat, round orovalbaseand atopthatbecomesnarroweruntil itformsapoint圆锥体

atrafficcone锥形交通路标

the hard oval-shapedfruitof aconifer（针叶松的）锥形球果

acontainermade of verylightthinbiscuit, or one of thesecontainingicecream

（盛冰激凌的）锥形蛋筒

anicecreamcone冰激凌蛋筒

24distant galaxies

one of theindependentgroupsofstarsin theuniverse

星系

a galaxy of

ameetingofrichandfamouspeople

一群富有的名人；众星云集

Presenttonightatthelong-awaitedopeningofthisfilmareawholegalaxyofstarsfromtheactingandmusicalprofessions.人们期待已久的电影首映式今晚举行，一大批影星歌星前来捧场。

the Galaxyalsothe Milky Way

the verylargegroupofstarsthatcontainsthesolarsystem(=thesunandall theplanets,includingEarth,that go around it)银河系，银河

25 geodesic

relatingtotheshortestpossiblelinebetween twopointson asphereorothercurvedsurface测地学的，测地线的，测量的n.测地线

This paper presents a geodesic - based constrained deformation method for polygonal mesh models.

提出了一种基于测地线的多边形网格模型的约束变形方法.

26a ratherelongated orbit,

tobecomeor make somethingbecomelonger, andoftenthinner

（使）变长；（使）延长；（使）变得细长

Thecellselongate as they take inwater.细胞吸水后变长。

27axis

arealorimaginarystraightlinegoing through thecentreof aobjectthat isspinning, or alinethatdividesa symmetricalshapeinto twoequalhalves

轴（线）；中心线；参考轴线，基准线，坐标线

Theearthrevolvesaroundthe axis thatjoinstheNorthandSouthPoles.地球围绕贯穿南北两极的地轴自转。

Thediameterofacircleisalso an axis.一个圆的直径也是一条轴线。

the Axis---thecountries,includingGermany, Italy, and Japan, thatfoughtagainst the Allies in the Second WorldWar

（第二次世界大战中的）轴心国

the Axispowers/nations轴心国

28of theellipse

aregularovalshape

椭圆（形）

注意区别asolar/lunareclipse日／月食

29shouldrotateabout the sun

toturnorcausesomething toturnin acircle,especiallyaround afixedpoint

（尤指围绕一个固定点）（使）旋转，（使）转动

Rotate thehandleby180°toopenthedoor.要想打开门，将把手旋转180度。

Thewheelrotatesaroundanaxle.轮子绕轮轴旋转。

Thesatelliteslowlyrotatesas itcirclestheearth.人造卫星围绕地球旋转的同时也在缓慢自转。

​

[ I or T ]If ajobrotates or if agroupofpeoplerotatetheirjobs, thejobsare done at differenttimesby differentpeople.

轮流做；（由…）轮值；轮换

​

[ T ]Whenfarmersrotatecrops, they regularlychangewhichcropstheygrowin aparticularfield.

轮作；换茬

30 the even smallerdeviationsof the orbitsof

a difference from what is usual or

expected:

Thelettercited'significantdeviations

fromcurrentgoodmanufacturingpractice'.

背离，偏离( deviation的名词复数);离经叛道的行为;

[例句]Anyproposed deviations from this standard.

任何提议的与本标准不同的偏差。

31be deflected

to (causeto)changedirection, or topreventsomething from beingdirectedat you

（使）转向，（使）偏斜

Theballdeflectedoffmyshoulder,straightintothegoal.球打在我的球棍上直接弹进了球门。

Thecrowdcheeredasthegoalkeeperdeflectedtheshot.当守门员把球挡出去的时候人们欢呼了起来。

He deflected theballawayfromthegoal.他把球挡出了球门。

Theprimeministerdeflectedmountingcriticismtodaybyannouncingtaxcuts.今天首相宣布减税，从而平息了越来越多的批评的声音。

32wave crest

thetoporhighestpartof something such as awaveor ahill（浪、山等的）峰，顶，尖

the crest of ahill/wave山顶／波峰

agrowthoffeathers,fur, orskinalong thetopof theheadsof someanimals

（动物的）羽冠，肉冠

adecoration, usually made offeathersoranimalhair, on thetopof a soldier'shat,especiallyin the past

（尤指过去装饰于士兵帽顶的）羽饰，毛饰

aformaldesignthat is used by afamily,town,organization, etc. as thesymbolthatrepresentsthem（家族、城镇、机构等作为标记的）饰章，徽章，纹章

aroyalcrest皇家的徽章

33attracted and repelled,

toforcesomething or someone tomoveaway orstopattackingyou驱逐；逐回；击退；抗御

Thiscoathasaspecialsurfacethatrepelsmoisture.这件外套的面是特殊料子做的，可以防潮。

formalThedefendersrepelledtheattackwithoutlosinganymen.守军击退了敌人的进攻，自己没有损失一个人。

​

specializedphysicsto have amagneticfieldthatpushesaway something with asimilarmagneticfield排斥；相斥

Similarpolesofmagnetsrepeleach other, andoppositepolesattract.磁铁同极相斥，异极相吸

People or things that repel you make

youfeelstronglythat you do notwantto be near,see, orthinkabout them使厌恶；使极反感

She was repelled by his ugliness.她厌恶他那丑陋的相貌。

Her arrogance repels manypeople.她的傲慢令很多人十分反感。

34 curvature

thestateof beingcurvedorbent弯曲；曲率，曲度

the curvature of the earth'ssurface地球表面的曲率

apronouncedcurvature of thespine脊柱明显弯曲

day5----单词2

1explicitly.明确，显然，清楚地，直接地

clearandexact:

I gave her very explicitdirectionshowto get here.

She was very explicitabout(=said veryclearlyandexactly) whatshethoughtwaswrongwiththeplans.

I wasn'tawarethat Iwould bepaying-youcertainlydidn'tmakeitexplicit (=stateitclearly).

2elliptical

having anovalshape

椭圆（形）的

3diagonal

A

diagonallineisstraightandsloping, nothorizontalorvertical, forexamplejoiningtwooppositecornersof asquareor otherflatshapewith foursides.

斜线的，对角线的

Thebookhasa diagonalblackstripeonthecover.该书的封面上有一道黑色斜纹。

movingin a diagonalline

沿斜线运动的

Theartistachievesthiseffectusingshortdiagonalstrokes.

Petersreceivedadiagonalpassandheadedtheballintothenet.彼德斯接到斜传球后将球顶射入网。

6patent

theofficiallegalrightto make orsellaninventionfor aparticularnumberofyears

专利权

In 1880 Alexander Graham Bellwasgrantedapatentonanapparatusforsignallingandcommunicatingcalleda Photophone.1880年，亚历山大‧格雷厄姆‧贝尔发明的用来发送和传输信号的被称作“光线电话”的装置被授予了一项专利权。

Thecompanytookout/filedapatentonageneticallyengineeredtomato.该公司取得了一项转基因西红柿的专利权，这种西红柿比未经处理的西红柿保鲜时间更长。

veryobvious

显然的，显而易见的

a patentlie昭然若揭的谎言

a patentdisregardofthelaw对法律的公然漠视

"No," hereplied,with patentdistaste.“不，”他带着明显的厌恶回答道。

A patentinventionisprotectedbylawso that onlyparticularpeopleorcompanieshave therightto make orsellit.专利权a patentscrewdriver获专利的螺丝刀

7stubbed his toe on a large stone.

theshortpartof something that isleftafter themainparthas been used,especiallyacigaretteafter it has beensmokedor one of thesmallpiecesofpaperleftin abookfrom whichchequesorticketshave beentorn

残余部分，残端；（尤指）烟蒂，存根，票根

stub your toe

tohurtyourtoebyhittingit against a hardobjectbyaccident

不小心把脚趾碰伤

总结：本话题读的不是很坎坷------前三遍没读懂，感觉观点很分散，又读了一遍中文，内容还是没懂，结构刚刚清晰一点，最后一部分相对论读了很多遍中文，看着看着都走神，内容始终读不进去反而唤醒了自己高中物理课特别悲催的情景那一幕：

--知道我怎么认识你的吗？每次成绩你都垫底。。。。。。

说实话，对物理我是排斥，发怵。进而这篇文章我没读懂，我是指中文的。

英文的话，相对论之前的内容能知道作者在说什么，即知道每一句话是什么意思，仅此而已。内容我没有理解。打算调整心态再继续看看。