添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

6.0申请动态权限

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
  if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
                    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) 
      ToastUtils.showLong(this, "您已经拒绝过权限访问");
    String[] permissions = new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
                        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, REQUEST_PERMISSIONS);
  }
}

Android7.0开始传递file://URI会触发FileUriExposedException,使用FileProvider获取Uri就会将以前的file:// URI准换成content:// URI，实现一种安全的应用间数据访问
在AndroidManifest.xml中添加如下代码

<provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="包名.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>

在res目录下新建一个xml文件夹，并且新建一个file_paths的xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <paths>
        <external-path
            name="camera_photos"
            path="" />
    </paths>
</resources>

调用相机拍照

private Uri imageUri;
private static final int CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST = 1000;
private File fileUri = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/photo.jpg");

private void camera(){
    //图片存储地址
    imageUri = Uri.fromFile(fileUri);
    //判断当前手机版本7.0存储地址
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
        imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(AccountSettingsActivity.this, "com.example.yinyuetai.fileprovider", fileUri);
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
    intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
    activity.startActivityForResult(intent, CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST );
}

拍照回调处理

private Uri cropImageUri;
private static final int OUTPUT_X = 480;
private static final int OUTPUT_Y = 480;
private static final int CODE_RESULT_REQUEST = 1001;
private File fileCropUri = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/crop_photo.jpg");

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case CODE_CAMERA_REQUEST://访问拍照回调
            //裁剪后的图片地址
            cropImageUri = Uri.fromFile(fileCropUri);
            //裁剪图片
            cropImageUri(this, imageUri, cropImageUri, 1, 1, OUTPUT_X, OUTPUT_Y, CODE_RESULT_REQUEST);
                break;
    }
}

裁剪图片

    /**
     * 图片裁剪
     *
     * @param activity    当前activity
     * @param orgUri      裁剪图片的Uri
     * @param desUri      裁剪图片后的Uri
     * @param aspectX     X方向的比例
     * @param aspectY     Y方向的比例
     * @param width       裁剪图片的宽度
     * @param height      裁剪图片的高度
     * @param requestCode 裁剪图片的返回码
     */
    public void cropImageUri(Activity activity, Uri orgUri, Uri desUri, int aspectX, int aspectY, int width, int height, int requestCode) {
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(orgUri, "image/*");
        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", aspectX);
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", aspectY);
        intent.putExtra("outputX", width);
        intent.putExtra("outputY", height);
        intent.putExtra("scale", true);
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, desUri);
        intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
        intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
        activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
    }

裁剪图片回调处理

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case CODE_RESULT_REQUEST:
            Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromUri(cropImageUri, this);
            break;
    }
}

获取裁剪后的图片

    public Bitmap getBitmapFromUri(Uri uri, Context context) {
        try {
            Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(context.getContentResolver(), uri);
            return bitmap;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

调用相册

private static final int CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST = 1002;
public void album() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
        intent.setType("image/*");
        activity.startActivityForResult(intent, CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST );
}

调用相册回调处理

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
    switch (requestCode) {
        case CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST:
             //裁剪后的图片地址
             cropImageUri = Uri.fromFile(fileCropUri);
             //获取选中图片的Uri
             Uri uri = Uri.parse(getPath(this, data.getData()));
             //判断当前手机版本
             if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) 
                    uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.example.yinyuetai.fileprovider", new File(uri.getPath()));
                //裁剪图片
             cropImageUri(this, uri, cropImageUri, 1, 1, OUTPUT_X, OUTPUT_Y, CODE_RESULT_REQUEST);
             break;
    }
}

获取选中图片的Uri

    /**
     * 解析后的Uri
     *
     * @param context
     * @param uri
     * @return
     */
    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
    public String getPath(Context context, Uri uri) {
        boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
        String pathHead = "file:///";
        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
                String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                String[] split = docId.split(":");
                String type = split[0];
                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                    return pathHead + Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
                }
            } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
                String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
                return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
            } else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
                String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                String[] split = docId.split(":");
                String type = split[0];
                Uri contentUri = null;
                if ("image".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                }
                String selection = "_id=?";
                String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
                return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
            }
        } else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
        } else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return pathHead + uri.getPath();
        }
        return null;
    }

    private String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        Cursor cursor = null;
        final String column = "_data";
        final String[] projection = {column};
        try {
            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
                return cursor.getString(column_index);
            }
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
        }
        return null;
    }

    private boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    private boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    private boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }