ThreadLocal的散列字段threadLocalHashCode 是一个常量，它通过 nextHashCode() 函数产生。nextHashCode() 函数其实就是在一个 AtomicInteger 变量（初始值为0）的基础上每次累加 0x61c88647，使用 AtomicInteger 为了保证每次的加法是原子操作。而 0x61c88647 这个就比较神奇了，它可以使 hashcode 均匀的分布在大小为 2 的 N 次方的数组里。下面写个程序测试一下:
public static void main(String[] args) {
AtomicInteger hashCode = new AtomicInteger();
int hash_increment = 0x61c88647;
int size = 16;
List <Integer> list = new ArrayList <> ();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
list.add(hashCode.getAndAdd(hash_increment) & (size - 1));
}
System.out.println("original:" + list);
Collections.sort(list);
System.out.println("sort: " + list);
}
我们将 size 设为 16，32 和 64 分别测试一下：
// size=16
original:[0, 7, 14, 5, 12, 3, 10, 1, 8, 15, 6, 13, 4, 11, 2, 9]
sort: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
// size=32
original:[0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 6, 13, 20, 27, 2, 9, 16, 23, 30, 5, 12, 19, 26, 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 4, 11, 18, 25]
sort: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31]
// size=64
original:[0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 6, 13, 20, 27, 34, 41, 48, 55, 62, 5, 12, 19, 26, 33, 40, 47, 54, 61, 4, 11, 18, 25, 32, 39, 46, 53, 60, 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38, 45, 52, 59, 2, 9, 16, 23, 30, 37, 44, 51, 58, 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57]
sort: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63]
可以看到随着 size 的变化，hashcode 总能均匀的分布。其实这就是 Fibonacci Hashing，所以虽然 ThreadLocal 的 hashcode 是固定的，当 ThreadLocalMap 中的散列表调整大小（变为原来的 2 倍）之后重新散列，hashcode 仍能均匀的分布在散列表中.
