同步方法

1. 创建一个service

@Component
public class AsyncService {

    public void test1(){
        //打印线程name
        System.out.println("test1 start：" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        //模拟程序执行
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("test1 end");
    }

    public void test2(){
        System.out.println("test2 start:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("test2 end");
    }

    public void test3(){
        System.out.println("test3 start:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("test3 end");
    }
}

2. 测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class AsyncApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private AsyncService asyncService;

    @Test
    public void testAsync() {
        asyncService.test1();
        asyncService.test2();
        asyncService.test3();
    }

}

控制台打印：
test1 start:main
test1 end
test2 start:main
test2 end
test3 start:main
test3 end

异步方法

1. 开启异步方法

@SpringBootApplication
//开启异步方法
@EnableAsync
public class AsyncApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(AsyncApplication.class, args);
    }

}

2. 设置线程池(非必须)

@Configuration
public class BeanLoad {

    @Bean
    public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor threadPoolTaskExecutor(){
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("springboot-");
        executor.setCorePoolSize(3);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(10);

        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}

3. 创建异步方法

@Component
public class AsyncService {

    //@Async表示方法是一个异步方法
    @Async
    public void test1(){
        //和同步方法一样
    }

    @Async
    public void test2(){
        //和同步方法一样
    }

    @Async
    public void test3(){
        //和同步方法一样
    }
}

4. 测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class AsyncApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private AsyncService asyncService;

    @Test
    public void testAsync() {
        asyncService.test1();
        asyncService.test2();
        asyncService.test3();
        //避免主线程结束出现错误
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

控制台打印：
test3 start:springboot-3
test2 start:springboot-2
test1 start:springboot-1
test2 end
test3 end
test1 end

每次打印的结果顺序都可能不一样

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