#口语粉碎机# L1 Day35【打卡序列03】
1. 从上周日开始,这每天都下雨。(仔细体会,到底用什么时态)
翻译:It has been raining every day since last Sunday.
答案:It has rained here every day since last Sunday.
解析:雨是上周日开始下的,一直到说话的时候。强调对现在的影响,所以用完成
时态。现在完成进行时,强调的是一直持续,考虑到实际情况,不用现在完成进行时。
2. The past has vanished like smoke.
翻译:曾经已如烟消逝。
答案:往事如烟
解析:答案更简洁,the past has vanished 可以直接脱壳翻译成往事
3. 这每天都下雨。
翻译:It rains every day.
答案:It rains (here) every day. (和第一句有什么不同?)
解析:每天都下雨,是一个稳定的状态,强调稳定,一般现在时。第一句强调过去发生的事,持续到现在,并对现在造成了影响。
4. 这座城市发生了很大变化。
翻译:The city has changed a lot.
答案:The city has changed greatly.
解析:发生了很大的变化,到现在为止,已经发生了,过去发生到现在。
5. 我在这工作十年了。
翻译:I have worked here for 10 years.
答案:I’ve worked here for 10 years.
如果用了完成进行时,也不错。
解析:表示从过去到现在 10年,用现在完成时,用完成进行,则强调持续。
6. 这是我第一次来这。(此句有意思,好好琢磨琢磨时态,口语高频句)
翻译:It's the first time that I have been here.
答案:This is the first time that I’ve been here.
解析:第一次来,到现在为止,已经发生,
7. 我已经改变主意了。
翻译:I have changed my mind.
答案:I’ve changed my mind.
解析:发生在过去,到现在,现在完成时
8. 我不在乎他在做什么或已经做了什么。
翻译:I don't care what he is doing or what he has done.
答案:I don’t care what he is doing or has done.
解析:主句是一般现在时,从句是现在进行时和现在完成时
9. 我联系不到他,他去西藏了。
翻译:I can't contact with him, because he has gone to Tibet.
答案:I can’t get in touch with him. He’s gone to Tibet.
解析:联系的时候,已经去了,完成时,联系不到,陈述事实,现在时。
联系get in touch with
10. 我到底做啥了让你这么生气?【重点】
翻译:what have I done makes you so engry?
答案:What have I done to make you so angry?
认真的提出问题,且对方仍在生气
如果用过去时
What did I do to make you so angry?
解析:生气,现在,一般现在时,我之前做的事,过去的事,对现在产生了影响,现在完成。
我的翻译里面出现了两个谓语!!!
what have I done makes you so engry?
句子分析:what (宾) have I (主) done (谓)
句子已经完整,加上make,变成两个谓语, 就错误了。
这里需要进一步解释说明,用 to do 的结构,不定式表示动作的方向和趋势。
答案转换成陈述句的结构是:
I have done … to make you so angry. 不定式做结果状语,表示我这样做的后果(趋势),使你生气。
不定式做目的状语比较常见,也能表原因过结果。
【重点】作业第十题:
What have I done to make you so angry?
1.划分一下句子成分。
What 宾语 have 助动词 I 主语 done 谓语 to make you so angry?宾补或者状语
对于 to make you so angry作宾补,是没有问题的。如果有的同学理解成状语,那如果出现在吵架的场景,也是可以哒。
2.可以写成What have I done makes you so angry?吗
不可以,因为这个句子里面有两个谓语。
心得:
【重点】不定式的用法: 不定式作状语表示目的,结果,原因等
不定式常可用作状语,表示:
1.目的:
He went out to buy a paper.
We’ve come to learn from you.
2.结果:
What have I said to make you so angry?
He left,never to return.
She lived to be ninety.
The curtain parted,to reveal a market scene.
3.原因:
She was surprised to see him.
They jumped for joy to hear the news.
4.在某方面等:
She is always ready to help others.
We were eager to take part in the work.
Be careful not to catch cold.
5. 不定式还可在某些句型中使用:
She was too young to understand that.
Let’s walk faster,so as to catch the bus.
6. 不定式还可修饰全句,说明说话人的态度:
To be frank,I don’t trust him.
To tell you the truth,I don’t like the plan.
本次翻译重点是现在完成时,和现在完成进行时的区别比较。现在完成时,强调对现在的影响,现在完成进行时,强调进行:
1动作到目前为止没有完成,可能继续下去。
2动作完成了,但是在完成之前一直进行着。