一、类的组合和创建
在一个类里再嵌套多个类，叫做类的组合，组合类可以更加有条理的组合类的各种信息。
我们可以将每一个小类的构造的对象作为参数传入大类中，这样就可以通过使用大类构造的对象.大类的属性.小类的属性,来访问每一个具体的属性。
我们以一台电脑为例，大类就是指计算机类其属性包含了小类：基本信息、硬件信息、操作系统信息、用户信息，而这些小类又包含了一系列具体的信息。如果我们想访问具体的属性，就需要通过组合类来实现；
# 基本信息
class Basic_info:
def __init__(self,brand,type,color,weight,price,asset_number,buy_time):
self.brand = brand
self.type = type
self.color = color
self.weight = weight
self.price = price
self.asset_num = asset_number
self.buy_time = buy_time
# 硬件
class Hardware:
def __init__(self,memory,cpu,disk,monitor):
self.memory = memory
self.cpu = cpu
self.disk = disk
self.monitor = monitor
# 操作系统
class OS:
def __init__(self,company,name,key):
self.company = company
self.name = name
self.key = key
# 软件
class SoftWare:
def __init__(self,*args):
self.soft_list = args
# 用户信息
class UserInfo:
def __init__(self,user_id,use_name,dept,position):
self.user_id = user_id
self.user_name = use_name
self.dept = dept
self.position = position
# 计算机类
class Computer:
def __init__(self,basic_info,hardware,os,software,user_info):
self.basic_info = basic_info
self.hardware = hardware
self.os = os
self.software = software
self.user_info = user_info
# 实例化
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 实例化明细 --- 基本信息、硬件信息、操作系统、软件信息、用户信息
alice_basic = Basic_info("Apple","MacBook Pro","macOS","1.368","12898","2111905163","2015-11-01")
alice_hardware = Hardware("8","i5-5287","512","13.3")
alice_os = OS("Apple","macOS","1111-2222-3333")
alice_software = SoftWare("keynote","office","cad","wps")
alice_user_info = UserInfo("22011","swift","开发部","主管")
# 实例化电脑 --- 把明细结合起来
alice_pc = Computer(alice_basic,alice_hardware,alice_os,alice_software,alice_user_info)
# 获取某个属性
print(alice_pc.basic_info.brand)
print(alice_pc.basic_info.type)
这样就打印输出电脑基础信息中的品牌和型号。
二、组合类的输出
computer_detail.py
# 基本信息
class Basic_info:
def __init__(self,brand,type,color,weight,price,asset_number,buy_time):
self.brand = brand
self.type = type
self.color = color
self.weight = weight
self.price = price
self.asset_num = asset_number
self.buy_time = buy_time
def show(self):
print("==============基本信息==============")
print("品牌:%s"%self.brand)
print("型号:%s" % self.type)
print("颜色:%s" % self.color)
print("重量:%s" % self.weight)
print("价格:%s" % self.price)
print("资产编号:%s" % self.asset_num)
print("购买时间:%s" % self.buy_time)
# 硬件
class Hardware:
def __init__(self,memory,cpu,disk,monitor):
self.memory = memory
self.cpu = cpu
self.disk = disk
self.monitor = monitor
def show(self):
print("==============硬件信息==============")
print("内存:%s GB"%self.memory)
print("CPU:%s" % self.cpu)
print("磁盘:%s GB" % self.disk)
print("显示器:%s寸" % self.monitor)
# 操作系统
class OS:
def __init__(self,company,name,key):
self.company = company
self.name = name
self.key = key
def show(self):
print("==============操作系统==============")
print("操作系统厂商:%s"%self.company)
print("操作系统名称:%s" % self.name)
print("操作系统序列号:%s" % self.key)
# 软件
class SoftWare:
def __init__(self,*args):
self.soft_list = args
def show(self):
print("==============软件信息==============")
print("安装的软件有:")
for item in self.soft_list:
print(" ♦ "+item)
# 用户信息
class UserInfo:
def __init__(self,user_id,user_name,dept,position):
self.user_id = user_id
self.user_name = user_name
self.dept = dept
self.position = position
def show(self):
print("==============用户信息==============")
print("员工编号:%s"%self.user_id)
print("员工姓名:%s" % self.user_name)
print("员工部门:%s" % self.dept)
print("员工职位:%s" % self.position)
computer.py
from computer_detail import *
# 计算机类
class Computer:
def __init__(self,basic_info,hardware,os,software,user_info):
self.basic_info = basic_info
self.hardware = hardware
self.os = os
self.software = software
self.user_info = user_info
def show(self):
print("###### 计算机的信息如下：######")
self.basic_info.show()
self.hardware.show()
self.os.show()
self.software.show()
self.user_info.show()
print("############################")
# 实例化
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 实例化明细 --- 基本信息、硬件信息、操作系统、软件信息、用户信息
alice_basic = Basic_info("Apple","MacBook Pro","macOS","1.368","12898","2111905163","2015-11-01")
alice_hardware = Hardware("8","i5-5287","512","13.3")
alice_os = OS("Apple","macOS","1111-2222-3333")
alice_software = SoftWare("keynote","office","cad","wps")
alice_user_info = UserInfo("22011","swift","开发部","主管")
# 实例化电脑 --- 把明细结合起来
alice_pc = Computer(alice_basic,alice_hardware,alice_os,alice_software,alice_user_info)
# 打印
alice_pc.show()
