平时看英美剧的时候常常会听到"generation X/Y/Z""Millennial"这样的字眼,字幕翻译的貌似跟我们自己的“80/90/00后”是各自对应的概念,但又好像并不完全对应。
好吧,今天就彻查一下这几个英语概念。
1. Generation X refers to the group of people born between the early 1960s and the early 1980s. They are often characterized as independent, adaptable, and entrepreneurial.
DeepSeek给出的定义是GenX泛指出生时间为20世纪60到80年代初的那群人,这个跨度包含了中文世界里60后和70后两代人。
这让我联想到60年代之前出生的那批人好像也有一个自己的专属称呼。查出来是“Baby boomers”: Baby Boomers (often shortened to "Boomers") refers to People who were born roughly between 1946 and 1964. (也即40到60年代之间出生的人)
为啥叫这么个萌萌的名字嘞?
After World War II ended in 1945, returning soldiers and economic prosperity led to a dramatic, worldwide increase in birth rates — a "boom" in babies.(二战结束后,战场上的士兵回归家庭,再加上那个年代的经济繁荣,所以带来了全球范围出生率的增长,在美国被称为“婴儿潮”)
2. Generation Y, also known as Millennials,refers to the group of people born between the early 1980s and the mid-1990s. They are often described as tech-savvy, diverse, and socially conscious.
GenY 也叫“千禧一代”, 这个对应了中文里的80后加上90后的前半段。这代人的标签性特征往往是“科技达人”,生活态度注重个性自由和多元化,且有较强的社会责任感和参与度。英文里有一个对这群人的另一个称呼叫“嬉皮士”(Hipster), 特指Y世代中那些追求小众、复古、反主流消费主义,更偏向个人审美和生活方式的“精致”人士。
我曾经一直以为“hipsters”和“嬉皮士运动”是一回事儿,查了一下才知道他俩分属于不同年代。嬉皮士运动是1960年代末至1970年代初,起源于美国并迅速席卷西方世界的一场反文化、反传统的社会运动。它的核心精神可以概括为 “和平、爱与自由” (Peace, Love, and Freedom)。嬉皮士们反对当时的主流社会——包括越南战争、物质主义、消费主义、僵硬的社会等级制度和传统清教徒道德。参与这个运动的嬉皮士叫“Hippie”。也就意味着我之间把“hipster”叫做“嬉皮士”是错误的。
“Hipster”的更贴切的翻译是“文青/潮人”!好吧,学到了。
3. Generation Z refers to the group of people born between the mid-1990s and the early 2010s. They are often seen as digital natives, highly connected, and focused on individual expression and authenticity.
Gen Z当然就是接着Gen Y之后出生的人,也即1995年后截至2010;大致对应了我们中文里的00后,不过我们的00后不包括1995年到2000年之间出生的那群人。我曾经以为“千禧一代/the Millennials” 指的就是2000左右出生的人,现在看我又错了,其实应该指代的是80后才对。如果说80后(Gen Y) 亲身经历了人类社会逐渐进入手机互联网以及Facebook时代的过程,那Gen Z这拨人就是完全的digital natives, 他们从未体会过没有手机互联网的世界。
4. 再接下来就轮到了Gen Alpha(阿尔法一代). 我曾经疑惑为啥Gen Z之后开始转向用希腊字母Alpha命名下一代,后来才想到英语世界里人们在无线电呼叫通话时往往用Alpha指代字母A。比如:"My last name is Adams: Alpha, Delta, Alpha, Mike, Sierra."
DeepSeek给我的定义是:Roughly born after 2010, they are the first generation born entirely in the 21st century. 正好跟中文里的10后完全对应上了。这群人的典型特征包括:
1)True digital natives: Born into a world of smart devices, tablets, AI assistants (like Siri/Alexa), and on-demand streaming. They've never known a time without the iPhone (launched 2007). 他们一出生就被各种智能电子设备所环绕:智能手机,平板,AI语音助理,流媒体平台等等,从未体验过没有iPhone的生活,哈哈哈哈。
2)Educated differently: Their schooling has heavily integrated technology, and many experienced early childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic (affecting socialization and early learning). 哦对了,这代人的早期校园生活时代正好遭遇了口罩时期,有点倒霉。
好了,这下思路总算厘清,以后别再混淆了。