In Your 50's? Time to Start Planning for Retirement. Here's How.

到了五十岁了？是时候开始为退休做计划了。那么，怎么办呢？What to do when planning for retirement in your 50's.

五十岁后开始做退休计划，需要做些什么？

           —— By Dana Anspach    作者：Dana Anspach       Updated July 08, 2016

In your 40’s retirement seems far way. In your 50’s you can see it on the horizon.

四十岁时，退休这事似乎还是很遥远的事情。过了五十岁生日，你能看到退休就在眼前的事情。

This is one of many reasons people get serious about planning for their retirement in their 50's. This is the time to take a thorough look at your future and how you can best plan for it. Lay out a road map using the six steps below. Then take it one step at a time.

这也是人们五十岁后开始对退休规划这事重视起来的许多原因之一。这时也是该彻底审视一下未来，看看怎样更好地规划它。以下六个步骤可以为你展开导航地图。一个一个地来吧。

1. Run projections using retirement calculators  利用退休金计算器， 做一个规划

If you haven’t done any type of retirement projections, start to play around with online retirement calculators that help you figure out how much income you might have in retirement given your current amount of savings and investments.

如果你还没有做任何退休规划，那就开始使用各种在线退休金计算方式，这可以帮助你估算退休后你能有多少收入，计算的时候也要把你现在的存款和投资情况考虑在内。

Caution: Free online calculators give you a good broad overview of the relevant components of your retirement planning. They are based on assumptions. You know the old saying, garbage in, garbage out. Most online retirement calculator do not accurately account for taxes. This can make a big difference in the results. If you do not feel confident about the input required you may want to seek a competent retirement planner to assist.

提醒：在线免费计算器可以给你的退休计划的相关因素一个良好的宽泛的概述。概述是以假设为前提的。你知道有句老话说，进去的是垃圾，出来的也会是垃圾。大多数的在线退休金计算器不把交税因素包含在内。这会制造出非常大的不同结果。如果你感到对输入要求没有把握，你可以寻求胜任的退休规划师帮助你。

2. Get a handle on spending  控制花销

No one wants to hear it, but you can’t get around the truth. The fastest way to save more is to spend less. Building a lower cost lifestyle allows you to save more now, and it means you’ll need to have less saved to maintain your standard of living in retirement. You can start getting a good handle on your spending habits by completing a retirement budget worksheet.

没有一个人想听到这话，但是你不可能绕过事实。存得更多的最快方式就是花得更少。构建一个低成本的生活方式，让你从现在开始存得更多，这意味着你将需要更少的救助就可以在退休后还能保持一个正常的生活水平。你可以现在就开始通过完备退休预算清单，对自己的消费习惯做一个良好的掌控。

Caution:  If you plan on retiring before you reach Medicare age take a close look at estimated healthcare costs in retirement before you make any permanent plans.

提醒：如果你打算在医疗保险生效时间提前退休，在做任何永久计划之前，要密切关注一下退休后医疗保健费用的估算，

Healthcare costs can be far costlier than you might expect.

医疗保健费用要比你可能预料的昂贵得多。

3. Educate yourself  自我教育

You are more likely to achieve your goals when you understand the choices available. You can read books, subscribe to finance magazines and attend classes to start learning about ways to invest in a smarter way and save more for retirement.

当你对可能的选择理解看懂了，你好像更有可能实现你的目标。你可以通过读书、订阅财经杂志以及参加课程，开始学习智慧的投资方式，为退休后储存更多。

You’ll also want to get a heads up on the rules about retirement accounts and how the rules change as you reach specific ages.

你也将需要当心退休账目的规则，以及当你到了特定年龄规则可能会有的变化。

Caution:  Online content, books and classes are all great resources, but it can still be difficult to determine which advice applies to your situation and which does not. Seek professional help from a retirement planner or specialist to double check your decisions.

提醒：线上内容、书籍和课程都是重要资源，但是哪些建议适用于你的情况以及哪些建议不适合，仍然是很难确定。寻求退休规划师或者专家的专业帮助，仔细检查你的决定。

4. Focus on your career  专注于你的职业

Finding work you enjoy might be the perfect solution. When you enjoy what you are doing, you’ll want to stay in the workforce longer. For most, your earning power is one of the biggest assets you have. Don’t be too quick to let this valuable asset go. If you’re not the career type look for ways you can earn extra money using hobbies and skills that you have.

发现你乐在其中的工作也许是最理想的解决方案。当你对正在做的工作是享受的心境，你会希望延长工作状态。对大多数人来说，你的赚钱能力是你拥有的最大的资产。不要快速地就让这个宝贵的资产放弃。如果你不是在这样的职业里，那就应该寻找途径，用你有的爱好或者技术去赚些额外的钱。

Caution: If you are insistent on retiring in your 50's check out，keep in mind you'll have a much longer time horizon to plan for. You may need funds to last 40 or 50 years, rather than 20 or 30. That means you'll have to save a lot more.

提醒：如果你坚持50岁阶段就退休结账走人，切记，你需要有一个更长的时间幅度要规划。你可能需要为40年或者50年的时间准备资金，而不是20或者30年。这意味着你必须储存更多的钱。

5. Invest and save, don’t speculate  投资或者储蓄，不要投机

You need to count on your retirement money to be there for you. Now is not the time to speculate. Learn what it means to build a portfolio - then build one that is appropriate for your goals.

你需要你的退休金随时在那里“待命”。现在不是投机的时间。牢记做投资组合的意义——然后做一个适合你的目标的投资组合。

Don't rely on "investment experts" who make unrealistic promises. That will only leave you in worse shape.

不要依赖那些给你不切实际承诺的“投资专家”。那会只能让你的情况更糟糕。

Caution:  There is no such thing as a free lunch or a perfect investment. Nothing offers absolute safety with no risk. Even with safe investments you run the risk that your rate of return will be less than inflation and you will lose purchasing power over time. Your best option is to create a mix of investments with different levels of investment risk.

提醒：没有免费的午餐，或者完美的投资。没有什么方案能够没有风险绝对安全。即使安全的投资你也是在面对你的回报率低于通货膨胀率的风险，从而随着时间的流动你将失去购买力。你的最佳选择是针对不同程度的投资风险创建混合型的投资。

6. Review regularly  定期评估

The more often you look at your finances the more likely you are to make progress. Consider working your way through a retirement planning checklist. Once you’ve gotten all the way through the list, conduct an annual review by starting at the top and working your way back down the list updating things as you go.

越是经常性地审视你的资产情况，你越有可能取得好的进展。通过一个退休规划清单，考虑好你自己的操作方式。一旦你通过清单掌握了所有的方法，那就开始以上所说的措施，按照自己的方式运作，根据清单实施年度评估，并随着你的进展做适时更新。

https://www.thebalance.com/retirement-planning-in-your-50-s-2388488   配图选自网络