系统要求

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4：2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64或更高版本

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7：3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64或更高版本

硬件

交换超过16 GB：16 GB 


关闭防火墙、selinux
#关闭selinux
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
#关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service

#修改hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname  xxx


安装依赖

yum install -y  binutils  compat-libcap1  compat-libstdc++-33  compat-libstdc++-33.i686  glibc  glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 ksh  libaio  libaio.i686  libaio-devel  libaio-devel.i686  libX11  libX11.i686  libXau  libXau.i686 libXi  libXi.i686  libXtst  libXtst.i686  libgcc  libgcc.i686  libstdc++  libstdc++.i686  libstdc++-devel  libstdc++-devel.i686  libxcb  libxcb.i686  make  nfs-utils  net-tools  smartmontools  sysstat  unixODBC  unixODBC-devel    gcc   gcc-c++   libXext   libXext.i686   zlib-devel   zlib-devel.i686

禁用透明大页，启用标准大页
cat /proc/meminfo
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled 
vim /etc/default/grub
transparent_hugepage=never numa=off
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/redhat/grub.cfg
....

修改内核参数                     /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
kernel.shmall = 1073741824  
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104  
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1  
net.core.rmem_default = 262144  
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304  
net.core.wmem_default = 262144  
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576  
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2  
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2  
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576  
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

kernel.shmmni = 4096              最小的segment的大小，页大小
kernel.shmall = 858993459200      共享内存总页数  shmmax/shmmni
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104     单个段允许使用的大小  字节数 1024*1024*1024*物理内存G*90%


修改用户限制参数  /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf

oracle   soft   nofile    1024
oracle   hard   nofile    65536  
oracle   soft   nproc    16384  
oracle   hard   nproc    16384  
oracle   soft   stack    10240  
oracle   hard   stack    32768  
oracle   hard   memlock    134217728  
oracle   soft   memlock    134217728

添加用户和组

groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba  
groupadd -g 54323 oper  
useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle  
passwd oracle

创建数据库目录并配置权限

mkdir -p /u01/app
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
chmod -R 775 /u01/app

配置环境变量                /etc/profile

# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp                                   #日志存放位置
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle                #主机名  不能有特殊字符
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb1                  #库名称
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0.1/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=cdb1                     #库名称
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

配置静默安装文件

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.2.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.rac.configurationType=
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolName=
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=cdb1
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=cdb1
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=
oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsHost=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsPort=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminUser=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminPassword=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=

开始安装             使用oracle用户，注意配置文件路径
./runInstaller -force -silent -noconfig -responseFile /opt/database/response/db_install.rsp

运行两个脚本      在root用户下

在oracle下运行   配置监听进程
netca -silent -responsefile /opt/database/response/netca.rsp

检查  oracle 端口   1521
netstat -antp | grep 1521

建库
dbca -silent -createDatabase  -responseFile  /opt/database/response/dbca.rsp


operator 操作员

报错
[FATAL] PRVF-0002 : could not retrieve local node name
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2019-06-17_10-05-28AM. Please wait ...[oracle@db database]$ [FATAL] PRVF-0002 : could not retrieve local node name
A log of this session is currently saved as: /tmp/OraInstall2019-06-17_10-05-28AM/installActions2019-06-17_10-05-28AM.log. Oracle recommends that if you want to keep this log, you should move it from the temporary location.

反向解析的问题，检查主机名和hosts文件